1. STRUTHIO. 575 



ill front of the tarsus are of a dull verinilion-red, changing into 

 yellow on the lower jiart, and into black on the toes ; the shields are 

 surrounded witli pale jellow horn-colour. Size somewhat larger 

 than that of IS. camelus. 



FenKtli'. Similar to that of S. camelus, but the grey feathers 

 somewhat darker. 



Er/(/-sJid/, with large, deep pits, generally of a dark-purple colour. 



JJab. Somali-land and Central Africa. 



a. c? ad. sk. Somali -land. Paris Museum [P.]. 



/>. Skeleton. Somali-land. Paris Museum [P.J. 



c. Skull. Somali-land. Rowland Ward, Esq. [P.]. 



3. Struthio australis. 



IJlack Ostrich, part., Broicn, Illustr. pp. -j", 38 (Cape of Good Hope) 

 (1776). 



Ostrich, Luht. Reise in siidliclieji Africa, ii. p. 42 (1812). 



Struthio camelus, G. R. Gr. List B. Brit. Miis. ii. p. .54 (part., Cape 

 of Good Hope) (1844); Tkienem. Fortpflanz. Gesch. der r/es. Vog. 

 p. 5, taf. 3 (ep-g) (1845) ; id. Rhea, i. pp. 16, 17, tig. 3 (structure of 

 the egg-shell) (1846); Trlstr. Ihis, 1860, p. 74 (part.); Layard, 

 Birds S. Afr. p. 281, n. 53i) (1867) ; G. R. Gr. Hatid-iist, iii.' p. 1, 

 n. 9841 (part.) (1871); Sc/tleff. J7i/j«. P.-S., Struthiones, p. 6 (part.. 

 Cape of Good Hope) (1873) ; Xat/iKs. Zeitschr.f. wiss. Zuol. 1878, 

 p. 225, t. 14. ff. 10, 11, 12, t. 15. ff. 11, 14 (structure of egg- 

 shell) ; Shell. Ibis, 1882, p. 368 (S.E. Africa) ; Holub u. Pelz. 

 Beitr. Orn. S.-Afr. pp. 195-226 (1882). 



The Ostrich, Anderss. Lake Xgami, p. 253, pi. 7 (1854). 



Southern Ostrich, Barfl P. Z. S. 1860, p. 205 ; Sclat. Tr. Zool. Soc. 

 iv. p. 354 (1862). 



Struthio camelus, var. meridioualis, Sclat. List Vert. Ati. 1862, 

 p. 71, specim. c, d (South Africa). 



Struthio australis. Gum. Ihis, 1868, p. 253 (S. Africa) ; Anderss. B. 

 Bamara-Laiid, p. 251 (1.S72) ; Gum. ibid. pp. 254-257 (1872) ; 

 Buckl. Ibis, 1874, p. 391 (Matabili country) ; Hartinq ^- Moseiith. 

 Ostriches L*y- CMr. Farm. p. 1(! (1877) ; (htm. Ibis, 1884, p. 466; 

 Ilenke, Zeitschr. yes. Orn. 1884, p. 220, t. 12 {e^^, poster, tig.); 

 Shar2)e, Layard's B. S. Afr. p. 791 (1884); Bodi?ws, J. f.O. 

 1885, p. 13; Cub. ibid. p. 97; Kafhus. ibid. p. 166, t. 2.' f. 1, 

 t. 3. fl: 4-8 (structure of egg-shell) ; Rchnw. J. f. 0. 1886, p. 117 ; 

 Schal. J. f. O. 1888, p. 118; ? Rchm. ibid. p. 302 (west of Tan- 

 ganj'ika ?) ; Ost, Zeitschr. f. Ool. 1892, p. 34; Gadow, Bronn's 

 Thier-Reichs, vi. 4, p. 103 (1893); Schal. J. f. O. 1894, p. 9; 

 A. Newt. Diet, of B. p. 665 (pt. iii., 1894) ; Xolte, J. f. O. 1895, 

 pp. 48, 55 ; Kuschel, ibid. p. 81 {eg^). 



Adult male. Head, neck, and legs lead-grey, sometimes in birds 

 kept ill confinement white-grey. Beak horn-colour surrounded with 

 red, reddish at the base of tlio upperniandible. during the breeding- 

 season entirely reddish : skin near the gape red, this colour extending 

 sometimes on the cheeks; iris brown. Vertex naked, but with no 

 horny shield as in >S. mohjhdophanes. No distinct white band at the 

 commencement of the feathering of the back, where, however, are 



