38. scARUs. 209 



bones, which I have mentioned in the description of the Labrina 

 (p. 69), is found again in this group. The maxillary ia strongly- 

 curved, and serves to form the junction between intermaxillary and 

 palatine bone. There is a joint between the dentary and articu- 

 lary parts of the mandible. The basioccipital has a pair of long 

 grooves, in which the obloag condyles of the upper pharyngeals slide 

 forwards and backwards. Occipital porous. Abdominal vertebrae 

 eleven, caudal fourteen. 



1. Scarus cretensis. 



^Kcipoi, Arist. Hist. Anim. ii. c. 17, viii. c. 2, 17, and De Part. Anim. 



iii. c. 14 ; Athen. vii. pp. .319, 320. 

 Scarus, Plm. ix. c. 17 ; ^Han, i. c. 2 & 4, ii. c. 54, xii. c. 42 ; Ovid. 



Halieut. V. 9, 119; Oppian, Halieut. I. v. 1.33, IV. v. 40, 113; Colum. 



viii. c. 16. 

 Scarus cretensis, Aldrov. p. 8. 

 Labrus cretensis, L. Syst. Nat. i. p. 474. 

 Scarus cretensis, Cav. Sf Val. xiv. p. 164. pi. 400. 

 rubiginosus, Cm: l^- Val. xiv. p. 171 ; Valenc. in Webb Sf Berthel. 



lies Canar. Poiss. p. 68. 



mutabilis, Lowe, Trans. Zool. Soc. ii. p. 187. 



canariensis, Valenc. in Webb 8) Berthel. lies Canar. Poiss. pi. 17. 



fig. 2. 



Purple, or purplish-brown, with a brownish shade on the fi'ont 

 part of the body ; the latter colour forms generally a blotch between 

 the pectoral and the lateral Une. Caudal fin slightly rounded, violet 

 with a white margin. 



Eastern and western parts of the Mediterranean ; Madeira, Canary 

 Islands. 



rt, 6. Adult and half-grown. Mediterranean. From Mr. Petherick"s 



Collection. 

 f, (I. Adult. Madeira. Presented by the Rev. R. T. Lowe. 

 e, f, g. Adult and half-grown. 



Vertehrce 11/14 (13/14, Valenciennes). 



2. Scarus aracanga. 



A series of three large scales on the cheek : teeth of moderate size, 

 very distinct on the edges of the jaws. Dorsal spines rather slender, 

 but pungent ; caudal emarginate. Lateral line continuous ; the tubes 

 of each scale are much ramified and extend over the whole scale. 

 Uniform dai'k purplish-violet. 



Jamaica. 



«. Ten inches long : skin. From Dr. Parncll's Collection. 



3. Scarus abildgaardii. 



Parra, lam. 28. fig. 2. 



Sparas abildgaardii, 5/. taf. 2.59; Bl.Schn.Y>. 286; Zrt<-p/>. iv. pp. .55.163. 



oocciueus, Bl. Schn. p. 289. 



VOL. IT P 



