348 GADID^. 



total (without caudal), the height of the body rather more than one- 

 fifth. Jaws subequal anteriorly. Uniform reddish-olive. 

 Southern parts of New Zealand. 



8. PHYSICULUS. 

 Physiculus, Kaup in Wiegm. Arch. 1858, p. 88. 

 Body elongate, covered with small scales. A separate caudal ; two 

 dorsal fins and one anal ; ventral fins with a very narrow but flat 

 base, composed of several rays. Teeth in the jaws in a band, small, 

 vilhform, of equal si^e ; vomerine or palatine teeth none. Chin with 

 a barbel. Branchiostegals seven ; gUl-rakers of the outer branchial 

 arch short. 

 Madeira. 



1. Physiculus dalwigkii. 

 Kaup, I. c. 



D. 7 I 67. A. 69. V. 5. 



Eleven series of scales between the anterior dorsal and the lateral 

 line. Axil of the pectoral black. 



Madeira. 

 a. Eight and a half inches long. Presented by the Eev. R. T. Lowe, 

 as Merluciiis maraldi. 



Description. — Head rather broad and depressed, as high as broad ; 

 its height is more than one-half of its leng-th, which is one-fourth of 

 the total (without caudal). The cleft of the mouth is rather oblique, 

 of moderate width, the maxillary extending behind the vertical from 

 the centre of the eye. The upper jaw overlaps the lower, and both 

 are armed with a band of villiform teeth of equal size. Snout rather 

 broad, obtusely rounded, as long as the diameter of the eye, which 

 is one-fourth of the length of the head. Chin with a small barbel 

 haK as long as the eye. The interorbital space is flat, emarginate on 

 each side by the upper part of the orbit, its width being rather less 

 than the vertical diameter of the eye. Nape of the neck broad, 

 scarcely elevated, with a spine on each side, pointing outwards and 

 covered by skin. The operculum terminates in a short horizontal 

 spine. Gill-opening wide ; giU-membranes united below the throat 

 by a narrow cutaneous bridge, not attached to the isthmus ; gills four, 

 pseudobranchiae none. 



The trunk is rather low, its greatest depth being contained five 

 times and a third in the total (without caudal). Tail tapering into 

 a very narrow band. The first dorsal fin commences vertically above 

 the root of the pectoral and is nearly twice as high as long, the length 

 of the longest ray being one-half of that of the head. The second 

 dorsal commences immediately behind the first ; its height is nearly 

 equal throughout its extent, and somewhat less than that of the 

 first. The whole fin is naked. Caudal fin slender, roimded, en- 

 tirely free from dorsal and anal, not half as long as the head. The 

 anal fin commences at some distance behind the vent, which is situ- 

 ated vertically below the root of the pectoral ; it is very similar to the 



