2. HIPPOGLOSSUS. 403 



none. The dorsal fin commences above the eye ; all, or nearly all, 

 the rays of the dorsal and anal fins simple. Scales very smaU, not 

 ciliated. GiU-rakers short, compressed, widely set. 



North Atlantic. (? Coasts of CaUfornia and Kamtschatka.) 



Bleeker (Compt. Eend. Acad. Sc. Amsterd. xiii. 1862, Pleuron.) 

 divides this genus into two : — 



1. Lateral line cirrved ; the lower pharyngeal teeth in two rows : 



IIij)2iogIossus. 



2. Lateral line not curved; the lower pharyngeal teeth in one 



row : Platysomatichthys. 



1. Lateral line curved. 

 1. Hippoglossus vulgaris. 



The Ilolibut. Halleflundi-a. Die Ileilbutte. 



Hippoglossus, EondeJ. xi. c. 16. p. 325 ; WiUtighby, p. 99. tab. F. 6 ; 



Riiy, Si/». p. .33 ; Ges)ie>; pp. 669, 787 ; Aldrov. ii. e. 43. p. 238. 

 Passerum genus majus, ScIio?iev. p. 62. 

 Pleiu-onectes, sp., Artedi, Synon. p. 31. no. 3, and Gen. p. 17. no. 3 ; 



Gronov. Zoojyhtjl. no. 247. 

 Passer, sp., Klein, Pise. Miss. iv. p. 33. no. 2. 

 Hellefl-yTider, Ponton. Norges Nat. Hist. ii. p. 220 ; Stroin, Sondm. \. 



p. 300. 

 Plem-onectes hippoglossus, L. Syst. Nat. i. p. 456 ; £1. Fisclic Dndaehl. 



ii. p, 47. tab. 47; Bl. ScJtn. p. 147; Laeep. iv. p. 001; Donov. Brit. 



Fish. iv. pi. 75; Pall. Zuoqr. Ross.-As. iii. p. 421; TuH. Brit. Faun. 



p. 95 ; Faher, Fische Isl. p. 148, and in Isis, 1828, p. 888; Gronov. 



Syst. ed. Gray, p. 87. 

 Hol'ibut, Penn. ^Brit. Zoo!, iii. p. 198, and edit. 1812, iii. p. 302. 

 Fletan, Diiham. Peches, ii. sect. ix. p. 271. pi. 7. fig. 1. 

 Hippoglossus wlgaYis^Fkm.Brit.An. T^.VdQ; Jen.IInn. p. 400; Yarr. 



Brit. Fish. 2nd edit. ii. p. 321, 3rd edit. i. p. 630 ; Parn. Wcrn. Mem. 



vii. p. 372, or Fish. Frith of Forth, p. 212 ; Nihs. Skand. Faun. iv. 



p. 631. 



maximus, Gottsche in Wieym. Arch. 1835, p. 164. 



? Hippoglossus vidgaris, Ayres, Proc, Calif. Acad. 1859, p. 30. 



B. 7. D. 102-103. A. 74-81. Csec. pyl. 4. Yert. 16/34. 



Only the posterior dorsal and anal rays are bifid ; the dorsal com- 

 mences above the anterior thii'd of the eye. Extremity of maxillary 

 scaly. The height of the body is one-third of the total length (with « 

 the caudal), the length of the head two-ninths. The greatest depth 

 between the anal fin and the lateral line equals the length of the 

 head, without .snout. Scales minute, not ciliated ; interorbital space 

 flat, naked, its width being equal to the vertical diameter of the eye. 

 Lateral line with a strong cur\-e above the pectoral, the depth of the 

 curve being one-fourth of its width. Snout rather loiigcr than the 

 eye, the diameter of which is one-sixth or one-seventh of the length 

 of the head. Lower jaw scarcely prominent ; the length of the 

 maxillaiy is one-third of that of the head. Teeth conical, pointed : 

 upper jaw with two series, convera;ent posteriorly; the anterior teeth 



2 D 2 



