34:6 STJIDJ;. 



Var. 3. sinensis. 



Sus scrofa sinensis, Brisson, Ji. A. p. 108 ; Ur.vl. p. 181. 

 Chinesisches Schwein, Linn. West Goth. p. 62. 



Small. Black, white, or variegated. Back rather naked. Body 

 very large ; legs very short and thin. 



A short-headed, swollen-cheeked, full-bodied Pig, with short thin 

 legs, like our prize Pigs, was well known to the ancient Greeks. 

 There are several representations in marble of such Pigs in the 

 British Museum, which were procured by Captain Spratt from the 

 Temenos of Demeter Cnidus, and are inscribed " Pig sacred to Per- 

 sephone." These models chiefly differ from the form of the English 

 prize Pig in the back being furnished with a well-marked, high 

 compressed crest of bristles from the crown of the head to the tail. 

 Similar Pigs are represented on (ireek silver coins. 



J.ong-legged, flat-sided sows with their young are represented 

 among the reeds on the Assyrian Marbles in the Museum collection. 



The Pigs naturalized in Para and Pernambuco are black, like the 

 Berkshire or Chinese breeds, with very thin legs, short nose, and 

 thick cheeks. They were introduced from Portugal. In Eio they 

 send the Pigs out in the marshy places to destroy the snakes before 

 the negroes are turned in to cultivate the land ; they eat the snakes 

 greedily, and are said never to be injured by the bite of a snake, 

 however poisonous. 



Var. 4. Wattled, with a cylindrical wattle on the hinder corner 

 of the lower jaw on one or both sides. 



Irish Greyhound Pig, Richardson on Pif/s, p. 30. 



Var. 5. Solid-hoofed Pigs, with two front toes united into one hoof. 



Sus scrofa mononyclms, Linn. Anim. v. p. 461. 

 Sus migulis solidis, Plinii H. N. x. p. 146. 

 Sus scrofa mononyx, Fischer, Syn. p. 423. 



Solid-hoofed Sow, Stmthers, Edinb. N. P. Joum. 1863; Blainv. 

 Osteoyr. p. 128 ; Darwin, Dom. Anim. ii. p. 75. 



The British Museum has a series of thirteen skulls of the Do- 

 mestic Pig ; all have very similar characters (see Gray, P. Z. S. 1862, 

 p. 16). They are known by the shortness of the skull, the side of 

 the nose being bluntly keeled, the cheeks concave, the concavity 

 extending up to the edge of the orbit and separated from the aper- 

 ture of the orbit by only a narrow ridge ; the frontal line is more 

 or less concave. 



The skull of the male has a distinctly marked transverse ridge on 

 the base of the sheath of the upper canine ; in the young male it is 

 only slightly indicated ; in the skull of the female and young pigs it 

 is not to be seen. 

 r 717 a. Skull of an old male from Africa, from the Gambia {Sus 

 c/ambiamis, Gray, List Mamm. B. M. ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones B. M. 

 277). Forehead flat (see Sus scrofa hyhridus, West- African Pig, 

 Sclater, P. Z. S. 1862, p. 325). 



