354 PHACOCIKERID.?;. 



p. 78, 1860, p. 443 ; Gray, List Manim. B. M. p. 185 ; Giehel, 



Sciugeth. p. 2.36 ; Fitz. Sitz. Akad. d. If m,sy>«. 1864, p. 39. 

 Pliacoclicerus africanus, Harris ; Kirk, P. Z. S. 1864, p. 656. 

 Phacochoerus Pallasii, Vati der Huevi'u, Nov. Act. Leojj. xix. i. p. 171, 



t. 18 ; OtrCTi, Ann. ^- Mag. N. H. 2ud ser. xi. p. 246 ; Odont. p. 553, 



t. 140. f. 4 (teeth) ; P. Z. S. 18-51, p. 63. 

 Pliacoclicerus aper setliiopicus, Reichenb. N. Pachi/d. p. 35, t. 32. f. Ill, 



112. 



Hah. Africa : Central Africa, Tete, tfec. (Kirk) ; Guinea, Senegal 

 (Adanson) ; Mossambiquc (Peters) ; South Africa, called " Kau- 

 naba ;" Abyssinia ; Arabia. 



" Native name • Jiri' or 'Njiri' at Tete ; in Sechuana, ' Kolobe.' " 

 —Kirl; P. Z. S. 1864, p. 650. 



M. F. Ciivier divides Phacochoe)~us into (1) Phacoclioeres a inci- 

 sives, P. africanus ; (2) Phacochceres sans incisives, P. cethiopicus, 

 Gmel. (Dent. Mam. pp. 257, 213). He adds, " Notre dessin est tire, 

 pour la machoiro superieure d"uu Phacochoere sans incisives, et pour 

 la machoire inferieure d'un Phacochoere pourvu d'incisives, et nous 

 ferons remarquer que les disques des dernieres molaires du premier 

 sont morns grands ct moins nombreux que ceux de la derniere mo- 

 laire du second, serait-ce encore un caractcre specifique?" — Bent. 

 Mamm. p. 213. 



The size and number of the disks on the crown of the last grinder 

 depend on the age of the tooth and how much of the surface has 

 been worn down. 



In the British Museum there are three skeletons and fourteen 

 skulls or parts of skulls. The skuUs of ten of these have two inci- 

 sors in the upper jaw, and seven are Avithout any incisors in the 

 upper jaw, as marked in Mr. Gerrard's ' Catalogue of Bones,' p. 280. 

 Two of these skulls belong to skeletons of a male and female Phaco- 

 chere that were brought together from Africa, and lived several 

 years in the Gardens ; they are both destitute of upper cutting-teeth . 

 Another skeleton of a female that lived in the Zoological Gardens 

 has two cutting-teeth, in the upper jaw ; so the existence or non- 

 existence of the upper cutting-teeth is not a sexual character. 



The presence or absence of the upper cutting-teeth does not de- 

 pend on the age of the animal ; for there are specimens without any 

 cutting-teeth that have the premolars still present and the hinder 

 molar small, and there are specimens which have the cutting-teeth 

 that have lost or are losing the premolars and have the hinder 

 molar very large and weU developed. 



Nine of the skidls or front parts of the upper jaws were bought 

 of Mr. Argent, who purchased them aU together with a collection of 

 Cape skins ; five of these upper jaws have distinct cutting-teeth, 

 and four of them are without any indications of them ; therefore the 

 presence or absence of the upper cutting-teeth is common to animals 

 inhabiting the same locality, not peculiar to the Phacocheres of cer- 

 tain districts of Africa as has been supposed. 



Professor Sundevall observes, " Sus (Phacoch.) Pliant, Crzm. ; 

 Ph. harroya, Ehr., in Caffraria a Wahlbergio inventus est. Plura 



I 



