1. MANIS. 367 



Dr. Sundevall, in the ' Kongl. Vetensk. Akad. Handlingar ' for 

 1842, p. 245, published an excellent essay on the species, the ana- 

 tomy, and the history of the genus. The essay is nearly repro- 

 duced by M. Ad. Focillon, ' Kev. ZooL' 1850, pp. 465 & 513. 



Rafinesque has described a species under the name of M. cceonyx, 

 because he believed it had a bifid claw ; but he seems to have mis- 

 taken the bone that bears the claw (which in all the species is bifid) 

 for the claw. 



Synopsis of the Genera. 



1. Manis. Upper part of fore feet hairy, without any scales. Tail 



very long, slender. Scales elongate, narrow, keeled; central 

 series of caudal scales continued to the end. 



2. Pholidotus. Upper part of fore and hind feet covered with 



scales to the toes. Scales broad, short. Tail moderate, taper- 

 ing ; central series of caudal scales continued to the end. 



3. Smutsia. Upper part of fore and hind feet covered with scales 



to the toes. Scales broad, short. Tail moderate, very broad 

 to the end ; central series of caudal scales not continued to the 

 end. 



1. MANIS. 



The upper surface of the fore feet hairy, without any scales. 

 Scales of the body slender, oblong, with nearly parallel stria;. Tail 

 much longer than the body, narrow. The central series of caudal 

 scales continued to the end. Claws compressed ; the first or outer 

 claw of each foot verj' small, retracted behind. Africa. 



Manis, § 1, Sundevall, I. c. p. 2ol ; Grai/, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 363. 



The nose bald ; the side of the face, chin, underside of the body, 

 the upper surface of the hands and wrist without scales, and covered 

 with short hair ; the conch of the ear not developed. 



* Scales of the body dark hrinrn, in eleven series, ilanis. 



1. Manis longicauda. (Pangolin.) B.M. 



Dark brown ; hair of face and underside of body black. Scales 

 of the body in eleven series ; end rounded, with a central promi- 

 nence. Tail very long. liody and head 11, tail 24 inches. 



Manis tetradactyla, Linn. S. X. i. p. 53 ; Gray, Cat. Mamm. B. M. 



p. 188; Turner, P. Z. S. 1851, p. 220. 

 Manis macroura, JSrxl. Syst. p. 101. 

 Var. ? Manis africani, Desm. Mamm. p. 376. 

 Manis longicauda, Geoff., Sundevall, I. c. p. 251 ; Gray, P. Z. S. 1865, 



p. 303. 

 Pholidotus longicaudatus, JBriss. E. A. p. 31. 

 Manis longicauda /3, Stmdevall. 



