304 BTTFONID.E. 



Bufo commutatus, Steenstr. Ber. 24. Vers, deutsch. Naturf. 8,-c. Kiel, 

 p. 134. 



griseus, Hallow. Proc. Ac. Philad. 1860, p. 506. 



japonicus, Camerano, Atti Ac. Tor. xiv. 1879, p. 884. 



Crown without bony ridges ; snout short, blunt ; interorbital 

 space broader than the upper eyelid ; tympanum small, round, often 

 indistinct. First finger extending scarcely beyond second ; toes at 

 least half webbed ; subarticular tubercles double ; two moderate 

 metatarsal tubercles ; no tarsal fold. The hind limb being carried 

 forwards along the' body, the tarso-metatarsal articulation reaches 

 generally the eye in the male, the shoulder in the female. Upper 

 parts with more or less prominent, often spinose, not distinctly 

 porous warts ; parotoids elliptic, rather elongate, very prominent. 

 Brownish above, spotted or marbled with darker ; beneath wbitish, 

 more or less spotted with black ; parotoids margined on their outer 

 side with black, which in Chinese and Japanese specimens extends 

 as a vitta along the upperside of the flanks. Male without vocal 

 sac. 



Europe ; Asia ; N.W. Africa. 



a. Skeleton. England. 



b. J . Devonshire. Mus. Leach. 



c. d. 5 . Isle of Arran. Mus. Leach. 

 e. 2 ■ Spring Grove. Mus. Leach. 

 /. d". Paris. 



g-h. J . Corufia, Spain. M. V. L. Seoane [C.]. 



i. J . Valencia, Spain. Lord Lilford [P.]. 



k,l. cJ $ . Porto. ' E. Allen, Esq. [P.]. 



m-n. J?- Bononia. Prof. J. J. Bianconi [P.]. 



o. 2- Sicily. 



p. Stuffed. Athens. C. W. Merlin, Esq. [P.]. 



q-t. 3%. Chefoo. R. Swinhoe [P.]. 



u,v,m 2 & hgr. Shanghai. R. Swinhoe [P.]. 



x-y,z-a. 2,hgr.,&vg. Ningpo. 



j6-*e. Hgr. & yg. Cbusan. 



C, rj-6. 2 & hgr. Chusan. Dr. Cantor. 



i-k. H°r. Chusan. E. India Comp. 



X-£. <S , 2 > & hgr. Japan. Leyden Museum. 



o. d- Japan. Sir A. Smith [P.]. 



37. Bufo tuberosus. 



Bufo tuberosus, Giinth. Cat. p. 60, pi. iii. f. C. 

 Bufo tuberosus, Boideng. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1880, p. 572. 



Crown without bony ridges ; snout short, prominent, obliquely 

 truncated ; interorbital space slightly concave, about as broad as the 

 upper eyelid ; tympanum distinct, about half the width of the eye. 

 Fingers slender, first much longer than second ; toes rather short, 

 webbed at the base ; subarticular tubercles very large and prominent, 

 simple ; two moderate metatarsal tubercles ; no tarsal fold. The 

 hind limb being carried forwards along the body, the tarso-meta- 

 tarsal articulation reaches the tip of the snout in the male, between 



