4. bufo. 317 



Bufo scaber, Spix; I. c. p. 47, pi. 20. f . 1 . 



ductus, Wied, Bedr. i. p. 564, and Abbild. 



melanotis, Dum. 8f Bibr. p. 710; ITensel, I. c. p. 148. 



gracilis, Girard, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1853, p. 424, and U.S. Expl. 



Exped., Herp. p. 83, pi. (3. f. 16-21. 

 Phrynoidis ornatus, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1863, p. 357. 



Differs from B. marinus in the following points : — Habit less 

 stout, tbe tarso-metatarsal articulation reaching nearly always beyond 

 the eye, frequently to tho tip of the snout ; toes rather longer, with 

 shorter web ; tympanum larger, about three fourths the width of 

 the eye ; parotoids much smaller, elongate ; size much smaller. 



From young B. typhonius it may readily bo distinguished, as it 

 lacks the angular projection of the angles of tho jaws. 



A tarsal fold is generally present ; a lateral line of warts. 

 Brownish above, with symmetrical black spots ; a blackish oblique 

 streak on the temporal region ; flanks and hinder side of thighs fre- 

 quently black, marbled with yellow ; generally a light, sometimes 

 black-edged, vertebral line ; beneath grey-spotted. Male with a 

 subgular vocal sac. 



S. America. 



a, b. $ . Puerto Cabello. 



c. S._, Para. R. Graham, Esq. [P.]. 



d. 2 ■ Ri° Janeiro. Lords of the Admiralty [P.]. 

 e,- f,ff , h i. d\2, Brazil. Lord Stuart [P.]. 



hgr., & yg. 

 A - .. J . Brazil. Dr. Gardiner. 



l-o,p-s. c?,2,hgr., S.America. 0. Darwin, Esq. [P.]. 



& ye. 



59. Bufo typhonius. 



Bufo ocellatus, Gilnth. Cat. p. 64. 

 Otilopbus margaritifer, Gilnth. 1. c. p. 69. 

 Seba, i. t. 71, f. 6-9 ; Cm. P. A. 

 Rana typhonia, Linn. S. N. i. p. 356 ; Shaw, Zool. hi. p. 159. 



margaritifera, Laur. Syn. Kept. p. 30. 



Bufo typhonius, Schneid. Hist. Amph. i. p. 207; Men: Tent. p. 181 ; 



Gravenh. Delic. p. 53 ; Paters, Mon. Perl. Ac. 1872, p. 224, and 



1873, p. 624. 

 nasutus, Schneid. 1. c. p. 217; Spi.v, Spec. Nov. Test. Pan. p. 50, 



t. 14. f. 3. 

 margaritifer, Lair. Rept. ii. p. 118; Baud. Rain. pi. 33. f. 1, 



and Rept. viii. p. 179 ; Dum. 8f Bibr. p. 718; Schmidt, Denkschr. 



Ac. JVic/i, 1858, p. 251, pi. 2. f. 15, 16 ; Steindachn. Novara, Amph. 



p. 47. 



(Oxyrhvncluis) naricus, Spi.r, I. c. p. 49, t. 14. f. 2. 



( ) acutirostris, Spix, I. c. p. 52, t. 21. f. 3. 



( ) proboscadeus, Spix, I. c. p. 53, t. 21. f. 4. 



Oxvvlivncliiis spixii, Tf'icd, Abbild. 



OtUopnus typhonius, Tschudi, Batr. p. 89. 



Trachycara fusca, Tschudi, Faun. Per.. Herp. p. 78, pi. 11. f. 5. 



Bufo pleiuopterus, Schmidt, Denkschr. Ac. Wten, 1858, p. 252, pi. 2 



f. 17-19. y V 



