6 A31PHIB0LA. 



1873. Amphibola avellana, Von Martens, List Moll. N.Z. p. 40. 



1873. Amphibola avellana, Hutton, Cat. Marine Moll. N.Z. p. 58. 



1873. Amphibola avellana, Hutton, Cat. Tert. Moll. N.Z. p. 17. 



1879. Amphibola avellana, Hutton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. vol. iii. 5th ser. 



p. 181, pi. xxii. 



1880. Amphibola avellana, Hutton, Man. N.Z. Moll. p. 35. 



1893. Amphibola avellana, Hutton, Linn. Soc. N.S.W., Macleay Mem. Vol. 

 p. 36. 



The inner margin of the aperture, in certain individuals, is 

 extremely callous and folded into a rough plication in the vicinity 

 of the umbilicus ; the latter is broad and keeled outwardly. 



The species is frequently quoted as A. nux-avellana, Chemnitz; 

 but as that author's designation of it is not binomial it cannot be 

 accepted, and the description as a whole must be ignored. Martyn 

 in 1784 figured the species under the name of Limax crenata, 

 without description. The first author to regularly describe it 

 was Bruguiere, and he included it under Bulimus, a circumstance 

 which Schumacher overlooked, apparently, in creating the generic 

 name. Deshayes and Milne Edwards express their willingness 

 to acquiesce in the genus AmpuUacera proposed by Quoy and 

 Gaimard, but, as in other cases, adhere to the description given by 

 Lamarck. 



It inhabits salt marshes near the sea, or lives in brackish water. 

 Professor Hutton, in 1879, published particulars concerning its 

 anatomy, amplifying those previously given by Quoy and Gaimard, 

 in which he remarks that " The animal lives between tide-marks 

 in salt or brackish water on mud flats in sheltered bays. When 

 found at all, it is always found in large quantities. It is very 

 sluggish in its habits, and feeds on the vegetable matter contained 

 in the mud, passing large quantities through its alimentary canal. 

 Although air-breathing, it will live for a week or ten days in 

 fi-esh water, and for more than a fortnight in salt water, without 

 being exposed to the air." 



Dimensions. — Height 23 mm. ; breadth 2ih mm. 



Form, and Loc. — Post-Pliocene : Wanganui ; Opua, near Russell, 

 I^ew Zealand. 



G. 466. Two specimens. Presented by Lieut.- Col. W. Wilmer. 



G. 8281. Several specimens from a raised beach at Opua, 60 ft. 

 to 100 ft. above sea-level. 



Presented ly F. A. Bather, Fsq., M.A., F.G.S. 



