86 CYPRINID^. 



I. Normally four barbels, 



A. Scales small or of moderate size, tnore than forty in the lateral line. 



1. Notie of the anal rays prolonf/ed beyond the margin of the fin. 

 Snoid without tubercles or 2Jores. 



a. The third dorsal ray is osseous and serrated. 



1. Bar bus subquincunciatus, 

 D. 11. A. 8. L. lat. 82. L. transv. 17/17. 

 The third dorsal spine is exceedingly strong, not much shorter 

 than the head, and finely serrated behind. There are ten longitu- 

 dinal series of scales between the lateral line and the ventral fin. 

 Body rather elongate, its depth being nearly equal to the length of 

 the head, which is one-fifth of the total (without caudal). Snout 

 produced, the eye occupying the middle of the length of the head. 

 Lips ? Anal fin twice as high as long ; caudal deeply forked. 

 Back and sides with series of black spots, each as large as, or half 

 as large as, the eye, the spots being irregularly quincuncially 

 arranged. 



Habitat ? 



a. Skin, 15 inches long. From the Collection of the East-India 

 Company. — Although no record of the history of this specimen 

 has been preserved, it is probable that it came fi'om Mesopo- 

 tamia, as other examples from this country are preserved in 

 precisely the same manner. 



2. Barbus esocinus. 



Luciobarbus esocinus, Heckel, in Jiussegye7-'s Reisen, i. p. 1054, taf. 4, 

 fig. 2. 



D. 3/8. A. 3/5. L. lat. 76-78. L. transv. 12/7 4-.T. 



Third dorsal spine strong, serrated. There are seven longitudinal 

 series of scales between the lateral line and the base of the ventral. 

 Body rather compressed. Snout produced, subconical, with the 

 jaws nearly of equal length, the mouth being anterior; lips bi;t 

 little fleshy. Eyes very small. Anal fin twice as high as broad ; 

 caudal deeply forked. Back with numerous scattered black dots. 

 {HecTc.) 



River Tigris, near Mossul. Attains to a weight of 300 pounds. 



3. Barbus xanthopterus. 



Luciobarbus xanthopterus, Heckel, in Hussegger's Reisen, i. p. 1053, 

 taf. 4. fig. 1, 



D. 3/8. A. 3/5. L. lat. 60. L. transv. 10/7 + ar. 

 Third dorsal spine exceedingly strong, strongly serrated, its 

 length being two-thirds of the height of the body. There are 

 seven longitudinal series of scales between the lateral line and 

 the base of the ventral. Body rather compressed and somewhat 

 elevated below the dorsal. Snout produced, conical, with the mouth 



