176 CYPRINID.E. 



caudal), the length of the head two-ninths. Snout of moderate 

 extent, with the upper profile convex. The diameter of the eye is 

 one-fourth of the length of the head. Mouth inferior, horseshoe- 

 shaped; lower jaw with pendent lateral lips. Origin of the dorsal 

 fin nearer to the end of the snout than to the root of the caudal. 

 Caudal fin emarginate. A small black spot behind the humerus. 



Pharyngeal teeth 5-5, Gill-opening extending to below the 

 middle of the operculum. 



Japan. 



I am indebted to Dr. Bleeker for a more precise knowledge of 

 this fish, the typical specimens having been examined by him in 

 the Leyden Museum at my request. 



33. CERATICHTHYS*. 



Ceraticlithys, Baircl ^ Girard, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Philad. 1856, p. 212, 

 Scales of moderate or small size ; lateral line present. Dorsal fin 

 short, without spine, not, or but slightly, in advance of the ventrals. 

 Anal fin short. Mouth subinferior ; the lower jaw does not project 

 beyond the upper when the mouth is open ; intermaxillaries pro- 

 tractile from below the maxillaries ; both jaws with thickish lips ; 

 a small barbel at the angle of the mouth, quite at the extremity of 

 the maxillary. Gill-rakers very short and few in number ; pseudo- 

 branchioe. Pharyngeal teeth 4 — 4, hooked at the end (sometimes 

 4 . 1—1 . 4). 

 North America. 



1. Ceratichthys cataractae. 



Gobio cataractae, Cuv. 8j- Val. xvi. p. 315, pi. 483. 

 D. 9. A. 8. L. lat, 70. 

 The height of the body is about one-sixth of the total length 

 (without caudal) ; eye situated somewhat before the middle of the 

 length of the head. Barbels small. The origin of the dorsal fin is 

 midway between the end of the snout and the root of the caudal, 

 and behind that of the ventrals. (Val.) 

 Falls of the Niagara. 



2. Ceratichthys plumbeus. 



Gobio plambeus, Agassiz, Lake Superior, p. 366. 



Leucosomus plumbeus, Girard, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Philad. 1856, p. 189, 



* 1. Ceratichthys leptocephalus, Girard, I. c. p. 213. — Salem, N. C. 



2-4. Gobio geUdus, Girard, in Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Philad. 1856, p. 188, and 

 in U. S. ^ Me.x. Bound. Fish. pi. 29. figs. 5-9, from the Milk River, 

 Upper Missouri ; Gobio aestivalis, Girard, I. c. p. 189, and in U, S. 

 Sr Pac. R. R. E.rj)ed. Ichtht/ol. pi. 57. figs. 17-19, from the Eio San 

 Juan, New Leon ; and Gobio vernalis, Girard, I. c. and in U. S. Pac. R. 

 R. Exped. IcMhyol. p. 249, from the Arkansas Eiver, are insufficiently 

 described, and accompanied by notoriously unreliable figures, so that 

 they cannot be admitted into the system until their characters are 

 better defined by a reexamination of the typical examples. 



