06. ACHILOGNATHUS. 277 



iiig from the ventrals to beyoud the origiu of the anal; anal fin 

 rather elongate, with about twelve rays. Mouth anterior or sub- 

 inferior, small, arched ; lower jaw without or with only a lateral 

 labial fold. Barbels none or two, small. ' Gill-rakers veiy short ; 

 })soudobrancliia3. Pharyngeal teeth 5 — 5, compressed, the bevelled 

 surface with a simple groove, 

 China ; Japan ; Formosa. 



1. Achilognathus himantegus. 

 D. 11. A. 13-14. L. lat. 34. L. transv. 6/4. 



Very similar to Rhodeus amarus. 



Barbels nearly as long as the eye. The height of the body is 

 contained from twice and two-thirds to thrice in the total length 

 (without caudal), the length of the head nearly five times. Snout 

 obtuse, shorter than the eye, the diameter of which is one-third of 

 the length of the head, and less than the width of the interorbital 

 space. Mouth small, subinferior ; lower jaw with a sharpish margin. 

 The dorsal fin commences in the middle of the distance between the 

 end of the snout and the root of the caudal, behind the ventrals ; its 

 last ray is opposite to about the fifth of the anal fin. Caiidal fin 

 emarginate ; the pectoral fin extends to the root of the ventral. The 

 lateral line is strongly curved downwards on the trunk. There are 

 three longitudinal series of scales between the lateral line and the 

 root of the ventral fin. Sides silvery ; the pouches of the cutis for 

 the scales brownish ; a dark-bluish stripe runs along the middle of 

 the tail, and terminates in a black band-like spot between the 

 middle caudal rays ; a series of blackish dots across the lower half 

 of the dorsal fin. 



Pharyngeal teeth compressed, uncinate, not serrated. 



The females are pro\-ided, daring the spawning-season, with a long 

 external urogenital tube, as in Rhodeus amarus. 



Island of Formosa. 



((-<l. Adult females, 3 inches long. From Consul Swiuhoe's Col- 

 lection. 



2. Achilognathus limbatiis. 



Capoeta limbata, Schlef/. Faun. Japon. Puiss. p. 208, tab. 100. llg. 5. 

 Acheilognathus limbatus, Bheker, I. c. (name only). 



D. 11. A. 13. L. lat. 35. L. transv. 5/6. 



Barbels at least as long as the eye. The height of the bodj' is 

 contiuncd twice and one-third in the total length (without caudal), 

 the length of the head four times. The last dorsal ray is opposite 

 to the midtlle of the anal fin. There are three longitudinal series 

 (jf scales between the lateral line and ventral fin. 



J;i]ian. 



• '. .Vdult. From thi' Livden Museum. 



