318 CYPEINIDiE. 



the intcrorbital space, and is two-sevenths of the length of the 

 head. Cleft of the mouth directed upwards, the lower jaw slightly 

 projecting beyond the upper. There are foiir longitudinal series of 

 scales between the lateral line and the ventral fin. The anterior 

 anal rays are behind the vertical from the last dorsal ray. Pectorals 

 terminating at some distance from the root of the ventrals. A dark 

 band along the side of the body, more distinct towards the tail than 

 in front. (HecJc.) 

 River Araxes. 



14. Albumus megacephalus. 



Alburnus megacephalus, Hechel, I. c. ii. 3. p. 265. 



D. 11. A. 15. L. lat. 71-74. L. transv. 1 1/?. 



The height of the body is less than the length of the head, which 

 is contained four times and one-third in the total (with the caudal). 

 The diameter of the eye is one-fifth of the length of the head, and 

 three-fourths of the width of the interorbital space. Cleft of the 

 mouth directed upwards, the lower jaw much projecting beyond the 

 upper. There are five longitudinal series of scales between the 

 lateral line and ventral fin. The anterior anal rays are behind the 

 vertical from the last dorsal ray. Pectorals not extending to the 

 ventrals. Coloration uniform. {Reel'.) 



River Araxes. 



15. Albtimtis mossulensis. 



Alburnus mossulensis, Heclcel, I. c. i. p. 1086, and ii 3. p. 230, taf. 17. 

 fig. 2. 

 D. 11. A. 15. L. lat. 75-78. L. transv. 13/?. 

 Body rather elongate, its depth being contained foiir times and 

 three-fourths in the total length (without caudal). Snout a Httle 

 longer than the eye ; cleft of the mouth directed upwards, the lower 

 jaw projecting beyond the upper. There are five longitudinal series 

 of scales between the lateral line and ventral fin. The anterior anal 

 rays are behind the vertical from the last dorsal ray. Pectorals ex- 

 tending nearly to the root of the ventrals. A lead-coloured band 

 nms along and above the lateral line. (Hed:) 

 River Tigris. 



82. LEUCASPIUS. 



Leucaspius et Squalius, sp., HecJcel. 



Lencaspius et Owsianka, Di/botcski. 



Leucaspius, Siehold. 

 Body compressed and rather elongate; scales of moderate size; 

 lateral line incomplete, extending over a few scales only. Dorsal 

 fin short, without spine, opposite to the space between ventrals and 

 anal; anal fin elongate, with more than thirteen rays. Lower jaw 

 projecting beyond the upper. Lips thin, simple, the lower labial 

 fold being interrupted at the symphysis. Upper jaw protractile. 

 Gill-rakers slender but short ; pscudobranchise. The attachment of 



