2. ENORAULIS. 387 



nearly twice as long as deep. Snout pointed, much projecting 

 beyond the lower j aw ; maxiUary very finely toothed, somewhat 

 pointed behind, extending to, or nearly to, the mancUbulary joint. 

 Origin of the dorsal fin somewhat nearer to the root of the caudal 

 fin than to the end of the snout. Anal commencing at a short 

 distance behind the dorsal. Abdomen scarcely compressed. Scales 

 thin, deciduous, with the margin irregularly rounded. Sides and 

 lower parts silvery, back dark-coloured. 

 Pacific coast of America. 



a. Oneof the typical examples. Peru. Presented by Ch. Darwin,Esq. 



h-c. Half-grown. Valparaiso. 



d. Adult. California. Purchased of Mr. Gruber. 



I agree with Valenciennes, who draws attention to the close re- 

 semblance of EngrauUs japon'wus, Schleg. Faun. Japon. Poiss. p. 239, 

 pi. 108. fig. 3 (Cuv. t Val. xxi. p. 28 ; Bleek. Verb. Bat. Gen. xxvi. 

 Japan, p. 119 ; not HouttujTi), to this species, and considers it very 

 possible that both are identical. The occm-rence of one and the 

 same species of Chipeoid in California, Chile, and Japan is not a very 

 extraordinary fact ; and if the Japanese fish really prove identical 

 with that from the Eastern Pacific, the species will probably be 

 found also in Australia. 



Emjraulis nanus, Girard, U. S. Pac. R. R. Exped. Fish. p. 335, 

 from San Francisco, may also be the same species. 



4. Engraulis zollingeri. 



Engraulis zollingeri, Bleek. Journ. Ind. ArcMp. iii. p. 73 ; Verh. Bat. 



Gen. xxiv. Harinr/, p. 38 ; Nat. Tt/(hcJir. Xecl. Ind. xvi. p. 172. 

 Stolephoms zoUingeri, Bleek. Ned. Tydschr. Dierk. iii. p. 303. 



B. 12-13. D. 15. A. 16. L. lat. 38. 



The height of the body is two-elevenths of the total length (with- 

 out caudal), the length of the head two-sevenths ; head not quite 

 twice as long as deep. Snout pointed, much projecting beyond the 

 lower jaw; maxillary very finely toothed, truncated behind, extend- 

 ing to the mandibulary joint. Origin of the dorsal fin midway be- 

 tween the root of the caudal fin and the end of the snout. Anal 

 commencing at some distance behind the dorsal. Abdomen scarcely 

 compressed. Scales thin, deciduous. Sides and lower parts silvery, 

 back dark-coloured. 



Bali ; Sumbawa ; Celebes. 

 a. Three and a half inches long. From Dr. Blocker's Collection. 



5. Engraulis encrasicholoides. 



Engraulis encrasicholoides, Bleek. Verh. Bat. Gen. xxiv. Having, p. 37; 

 or Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind. iii. p. 103 ; Kner, Novara, Finch, p. 333. 



B. 13. D. 15. A. 26-28. L. lat. 38. 

 The height of the body is contained four times and one-fifth in 

 the total length (without caudal), tlie length of the head four times: 

 head one-third longer than deep. Snout sli^litlv pointed, not far 



2 r 2 



