4. CIIATOESSUS. 407 



Maxillary joined to the ethmoid, its upper portion being behind the 

 intermaxillary. Teeth none. Anal fin rather long ; dorsal opposite 

 to the ventrals, or to the space between ventrals and anal. GiU- 

 membranes entirelj' separate ; branchial arches forming two angles, 

 one pointing forwards and the other backwards ; the fourth branchial 

 arch with an accessory organ ; branchiostegals of moderate length, 

 five or six in number. 



Coasts and fresh waters of North and Central America, Australia, 

 and the East Indies. 



On the accessory branchial organ and the intestines see Hyrtl, 

 Denkschr. Ak. Wiss. AVien, x. 1855, pp. 49, 52 (Chatoessus chaninda, 

 Gonostoma javanlcum). 



a.. The last dorsal ray Jiliform. 



1. Chatoessus nasus. 



Clupea nasus, Bl. tab. 429 ; Russell, ii. pi. 197. 



Chatoessus altus, Gray, Ind. Zool. c. fig. ; Day, Fish. Malah. p. 243. 



nasus, Cuv. ^- Vol. xxi. p. 104; Bleek. Nat. Tydschr. Ned. Ind. 



ii. p. 22.3. 



B. 5. D. 16. A. 20-22. L. lat. 50. L. transv. 19. 



The last dorsal ray filiform. The height of the body is contained 

 twice and one-third in the total length (without caudal), the length 

 of the head ncarlj* four times. Snout subcorneal, much projecting 

 beyond the mouth ; cleft of the mouth nearly twice as wide as deep. 

 Origin of the dorsal fin nearer to the end of the snout than to the 

 root of the caudal. Ventral below the midcUe of dorsal. 



East Indies. 



a-h. Adult : skins. Cochin. Purchased. 



f, d. Adult. Java. 



e,f-h. Half-grown and young. Amboyna. Purchased of Jttr. Frank. 



?. Adult. Philippine Islands. Purchased of Mr. Cuming. 



1-. Half-grown. From the Haslar Collection. 



2. Chatoessus erebi. 



Chatoesus come, Richards. T'oy. Ereh. ^- Terr. Fish. p. G2, pi. 38. figs. 

 7-10 (not synon.). 



B. 5. D. 14. A. 21. L. lat. 45-49. L. transv. 17-21. 



The dorsal filament reaches to the end of the anal fin, or to the 

 caudal. Scales not deciduous. The height of the body is contained 

 twice and one-fifth in the total length (without caudal), tlie length 

 of the head four times and one-fourth. The diameter of the eye is 

 more than the length of the snout, and two-ninths of tliat of the 

 head. Snout projecting beyond the cleft of the mouth, which is 

 nearly transverse. Origin of the dorsal fin nearer to the end of the 

 snout than to the root of the caudal fin, and behind the base of the 

 ventrals. Coloration uniform. 



Australia. 



