k 



O. CLUPKA. • 435 



■with irregular radiating strias, descending towards tlio s\ibopcrciilum. 

 A large blaekisli blotch in the scapulary region, sometimes followed 

 bj' a scries of smaller similar blotches. 

 Coasts of Europe. 



(I. Fine large specimen. Ncckar. From the Stuttgart Collection. 

 h-c. Half-grown and young: skins. Holland. From Gronow's 

 Collection. 



d. Adult: stuffed. England. 



e. Half-groAvn. Polperro. 



f-g. Half-grown, Lisbon. Presented by the Ecv. R. T. Lowe. 



33. Clupea finta. 



The Shad, Twaite-Shad. La Feinte. Stak-sill (Sweden). 

 Agonus, BeJlon. Be Aquat. p. 304 ; Salvimi. fol. 105 b & lOG. 

 Shad, WiUuqhhi, Hist. Pise. p. 227, tab. P. 3. fig. 1 ; Pennant, Brit. 



Zoo!, iii. p. 305, pi. m, or, ed. 1812, iii. p. 400, pi. 80 ; Yarrell, in 



Zool. Joiirn. iv. pp. 137 & 4(55, pi. 5. fig. 1. 

 Clupea, sp. (part.), Artedi, Synon. p. lo. no. 2 j Genera, p. 7. no. 3. 

 Clupea, no. 3, Artedi, Spee. p. 34. 

 Clupea alosa, L. Si/st. Ncif. i. p. 523 (part.) ; Bl FiscJte DcutscM. i. 



p. 209, tab. 30. fig. 1 ; Bl. Sehn. p. 423 ; Lacep. v. p. 447 ; Bisso, 



IcJdh. Nice, p. 353 ; and JEiir. Merid. iii. p. 453 ; Donovan, Brit. 



Fish. iii. pi. 57, and pi. 98 (yoiuig; this is not the "Whitebait"); 



Tinion, Brit. Faun. p. 106 ; F/cminr/, Brit. An. p. 183. 

 Alose, Duham. PecJies, iii. p. 316. 

 Clupea fallax, Lacep. v. p. 4jj2. 



Clupea finta, Cuv. Bk/ne Anim. ; Jenyns, Man. p. 437. 

 Alosa fiuta, Yarrell, 'Brit. Fish. 2nd edit. ii. p. 208, or .3rd edit. i. 



p. 127 ; Parncll, Werner. Mem. vii. p. 329; or Fish. Firth of Forth, 



p. 169 ; Kroyer, Damn. Fisk. iii. p. 202 ; Kilss. Skand. Faun. Fisk. 



p. 527 ; Troschel, Wiegm. Arch. 1852, p. 228 ; Sflys-Lonyeh. Faime 



Behjc, p. 220 ; Martens, Wiegm. Arch. 1857, p. 182 ; Si'ebold, Siiss- 



7casse7;/ische, p. 332. 

 Alau.sa vulgaris (part.), C'ut\ ^- Fed. xx. p. 391. 

 Twait-Shad, Couch, Fish. Brit. Isl. p. 122, pi. 205. 



B. 8. D. 18-20. A. 20-24. V. 9. L. lat. 60-75. Yert. 56. 

 The height of the body is more than the length of the head, 

 which is one-fourth or two-ninths of the total (without caudal). 

 Lower jaw but slightly prominent ; maxillary extending to, or 

 nearly to, the vertical from the hiiul margin of the orbit. No teeth 

 on the palate or the tongue. Gill-rakers stout, osseous, from 21 

 to 27 on the horizontal part of the outer branchial arch. Ventral 

 fins inserted behind the origin of the dorsal, which is neai'cr to the 

 end of the snout than to the root of the caudal. Basal half of the 

 caudal fin covered with small scales. There are from fifteen to 

 sixteen abdominal scutes behind the base of the ventral fins. Oper- 

 culum with irregular radiating stria; descending towanls the sub- 

 operculum. A large, blackish blotch in the scapulary region, 

 sometimes followed by a series of 4-6 similar blotches. 

 Coasts of Europe, entering rivers. Nile. 



a. Young. Thames. Presented by J. G. Childi'cn, Esq. 



2 F 2 



