438 CLUPEID.13. 



the length of the head, which is one-third of the total length (with- 

 out caudal). Lower jaw shutting within the upper ; maxiUary 

 reaching to below, or somewhat beyond, the middle of the eye. No 

 teeth on the palate or tongue. Operculum striated hi -its loiucr portion, 

 sribopercuhim narrow, suhvertical, tajjeriiu/ above. Ventral fins oppo- 

 site to the anterior half of the dorsal. A dark spot on the shoulder. 

 East coast of South America. 



a. One of the typical specimens, stuifed. North Patagonia. Pre- 

 sented by C. Darwin, Esq. 



37. Clupea dorsalis. 



Alausa dorsalis, Cut: ^- Val. xx. p. 418. 



Alosa platycephalus, Bleek. Verli. Holl. llaafsch. Haarlem, 1802, 

 Guinee, p. 12-3, pi. 20. fig. 2. 



B. 7. D. 15-17. A. 19-22. L. lat. 45. L. transv. 18. 



Scales regularly arranged, with nimierous stria, and with the 

 margin ciliated. The height of the body is a little more than the 

 length of the head, which is one-third of the total length (without 

 caudal), or in young examples sometimes a little less thau one-third. 

 Lower jaw shutting within the upper ; maxiUary reaching to below 

 the middle of the eye. No teeth on the palate or tongue. Oper- 

 culum smooth ; suhoperculum large, of moderate width, tapering above, 

 obliquely directed baclcwards. Gill-rakers very fine and long, and 

 exceedingly numerous ; the horizontal branch of the outer branchial 

 arch consists of two portions joined at an obtuse angle. Ventral fins 

 opposite to the anterior half of the dorsal. There are eleven abdo- 

 minal scutes behind the ventral fins. An indistinct bluish spot in 

 the scapulary region. 



West Africa. 



a. Eleven inches long ; has been in chloride of zinc. Niger Expe- 



dition. 



b, e, d-f. Young. Elvers of West Africa. 



38. Clupea mattowocca. 



Gaspereau. 



Clupea mattowocca, Mitch. Trans. Lit. i§' Phil. Soc. A\'W York, i. 



p. 4.jl,pL 5. fig. 8. 



mediocris, Mitch. I. c. 



? Clupea parvula, Mitoh. I. c. p. 452. 



? fascia ta, Lestieur, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sc. rhilad. i. p. 233. 



? viresceus, Dekay, Neiv York Faun. Fish. p. 252, pi. 13. fig. 37. 



Alosa mattowocca, Dekay, New York Faun. Fish. p. 260, pi. 11. 



fig. 127 ; Ayrcs, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. iv. p. 275. 

 tyi'aunus, Hvkay, New York Faun. Fish. p. 258, pi. 13. fig. 38 ; 



Gilpin, Proc. S,- Trans. N. Scot'. Inst. Nat. Sc. Halifax, ii. p. 107. 

 Melelta matowacea, Cui: ^- Val. xx. p. 371. 

 Alosa liueata, Storer, Proc. Post. Soc. Nat. Hist. ii. p. 242 : and Mc?n. 



^mer. Ac. vi. p. .340, pi. 27. fig. 2. 

 Pomolobus mediocris. Gill, Canad. Nat. 1805 (name only). 



D. 17. A. 19. V. 9. L. lat. 50. L. transv. 17. 



Scales regularly arranged. The height of the body is one -third 



