CHARACINIDiE. 279 



b. Dorsal Jin rather lomj (Citharinina *). 

 Each lip with a single series of mkiute, ciliiform, moveable teeth. 



12. C'lTHARI.NUS, p. 303. 



B. Teeth in both jaws well developed. 

 a. Dorsal fin short. 



aa. Grill-opening 7-af her narrow, the c/ill-inembranes hein<j grown 

 to the isthmus ; nasal openings remote from each other 

 (Anostomatina). 

 Teeth flat, serrated, without longitudinal keel in front. 



13. Anostomus, p. 303. 

 Each tooth with one or two longitudinal keels in front, terminating in points. 



14. EiiYTioDus, p. 30.5. 

 Teeth flattened, subtruncated, not serrated 15. Leporinus, p. 300. 



bb. Oill-openiivgs wide, the gill-metnbranes not being grown to 

 the isthniKS ; nasal openings close together. 

 a. Teeth comjiressed, notched or denticidated (Teteagono- 



PTERINAf). 



aa. Anal fin short 1(5. Piabucina, p. 311. 



/3/3. Anal fin more or le8.s elongate. 



* BeUy rounded in front of the ventrals. 



+ Intermaxillary teeth in a double series ; a pair of conical teeth 

 behind the middle of tlie front series of teetli in the lower jaw. 



Dorsal fin behind the ventrals 17. Alestes, p. 312. 



Dorsal fin above the ventrals 18. BRACiiyALESTES, p. 314. 



tt Intermaxillary teeth in a double series ; no conical posterior 

 mandibulary teeth. 



Gill-rakers setiform ; canine teeth none 19. Tetragonopterus, p. 317. 



Gill-rakers sliort, lanceolate ; lateral line continuous. 



20. Scissor, p. 331. 

 Teeth very unequal in size ; lateral line interrupted. 



21. PsEUDOCHALCElS, p. 331. 



ttt Intermaxillary teeth in a single series. 



22. Chirodon, p. 332. 

 tttt Intermaxillary teeth in a triple series. 



Scales large, unequal in size 23. Chalceus, p. 3.33. 



Scales equal in size ; a pair of conical teeth behind the middle of the front series 



of teeth in the lower jaw 24. Brycon, p. 333. 



Intermaxillary teeth in three or four series 25. Chalcixopsis, p. 330. 



No conical posterior mandibulary teeth ; anal long. 



26. Brycoxops, p. 338. 

 No conical posterior mandibidary teeth ; anal of moderate length. 



27. Cre.vgruti's, p. 331). 



** Belly compressed in front of the ventrals ; canine teeth none, 

 luierniaxillary teeth in a double series ; a pair of conical teeth behind tlie middle 

 of the front series of teeth in the lower jaw . . . 28. Chalcini-s, p. 340. 



* Curcyonus niloticus. Joannis, belongs perhaps to this group : see Api)endix. 

 p. 37i). 



t To this group appeai-s to belong a genus noticed by Girard, Asii/anax. which 

 we shall mention in the Appendix at tlie end of tins family (p. 380). 



