13. ANOSTOMUS. 303 



Fourth Group. ANOSTOMATINA. 



Characinidse with an adipose fin and a short dorsal, with the 

 teeth in both jaws well developed, with the gill-membranes grown 

 to the isthmus, and with the nasal openings remote from each 

 other. 



South America. 



13. ANOSTOMUS. 



Anostomus, Gronm\ Mus. Ichth. ii. p. 13, and Syst. cd. Grny, p. ICI. 

 Schizodon, Agass. in Spir, Pise. Bras. p. 66. 



Dorsal fin placed in the middle of the length of the body, above 

 the ventrals ; anal short. Body oblong, covered with scales of 

 moderate size. BcUy rounded. Cleft of the mouth small ; inter- 

 maxillaiy and mandible with a single scries of fixed, flat, serrated 

 incisors ; palate toothless. Nostrils remote from each other : the 

 posterior open, the anterior with a small tube, GiU-openings rather 

 naiTow, the giU-membrane being grown to the isthmus, without free 

 hinder edge. 



South America, cast of the Andes. 



1. Anostomus salmoneus. 



Anostomus, Gronov. Mus. Ichth. ii. p. 13. tab. 7. fig. 2 ; Miill. ^- Trosch, 



Hot: Ichth. i. p. 10. 

 Sahno anostomus, L. Syst. Nat. i. p. 514. 

 Leporinus anostomus, Cui\ 8f Val. xxii. p. 38. 

 Anostomus sabnoneus, Gronov. Syst. ed. Gi-ay, p. 153. 



D. 11. A. 10. V. 9. L. lat. 39. L. transv. 4/4. 



The length of the head is more than the height of the body, and 

 one-fourth of the total (without caudal) ; cleft of the mouth directed 

 upwards, Avith the lower jaw strongly projecting. Back with alter- 

 nating yellowish and bro^^^l longitudinal streaks ; sides yellowish, 

 with a broad brown band running from the extremity of the snout 

 tlirough the eye to the caudal fin ; belly with a brownish band on 

 each side. 



British Guiana. 

 n. Young. Essequibo. From Mr. Ehrhardt's Collection. 



2. Anostomus vittatus. 



Piabuca vittata, Cuv. S,- Val. xxii. p. 115; Castcln. Anim. Amfr. Slid, 

 Poi^s. p. 64. pi. 32. fig. 1. 



D. 11. A. 9. V. 10. L. lat. 45. 



A blackish streak runs along the middle of the tail ; trunk ■with 

 three transverse band-like spots. The lower jaw projects beyond 

 the upper. 



Rio Araguav. 



