240 BI.ENNIID.E. 



implanted in the gnm and moveable ; generally a curved canine 

 tooth on each side of the lower jaw, behind the series of small teeth. 

 Palate smooth (in S. vomerinus teeth on the vomer). Dorsal fin 

 continuous, sometimes di\aded into two portions by a more or less 

 deep notch, without a detached anteiior part ; ventrals jugular, 

 formed by a small hidden spine and two or three (four) rays. Ten- 

 tacle above the orbit more or less developed. Gill-opening ■ndde ; 

 pseudobranchise ; branchiostegals six. Air-bladder and pyloric ap- 

 pendages absent. 



Tropical seas of both hemispheres, extending northwards to Ma- 

 deira, southwards to Tasmania and Chile. 



I arrange the numerous species of this genus in two groups — -the 

 one having the dorsal fin without, the other -nith a distinct notch, 

 by which the fin is divided into two more or less equal portions ; 

 and each of these groups ma j' be subdivided into species ha\ing a crest 

 on the head, and into others in which it is absent. We must bear in 

 mind, however, that the crest has been proved, in several species, to 

 be a peculiarity of the male sex ; and therefore it maj^ be presumed 

 that, perhaps, several of the species referred, at present, to those 

 wdthout a crest may prove to be known from female specimens only, 

 and to belong in reality to the crested ones. 



Synoijsis of the Species. 



I. Species with the dorsal fin not notched. 



a. With a crest on the head, p. 241. 



1. S. flavo-umbrinus. 2. S. oryx. 4. S. tridactylus 



3. S. sexfilum. (tetradactylus). 



b. Without a crest on the head, p. 242. 



5. S. atlanticus. 9. S. fasciatus. 13. S. ccramensis. 



6. S. nitidus. 10. S. fuscus. 14. S. frenatus. 



7. S. amboinensis. 11. S. nigro-vittatits. 15. S. sebfe. 



8. S. rivulatus. 12. S. cyclops. 16. S. castaneus. 



4. Salarias biseriatus, Cuv. Sf Val. xi. p. 316. — -East Indies. 

 ."j. niger, (Ehrenb.), Cuv. ^- Fal. xi. p. 327. — Eed Sea. 



6. ruficaudus, (Ehrenb.) Cuv. tf Val. xi. p. 328. — Red Sea. 



7. guttatus, Bleck. Sangi, p. 379 ; (not Cuv. cf Val.). — Salarias decus- 



satus, Bleek. Biliton, iv. p. 230. — East Indian Archipelago. 



8. kingii, Cuv. 4~ Val. xi. p. 334. — New Holland. 



9. heteropterus, Bleek. Act. Soc. Sc. Indo-Ncderl. ii., Amboina, p. 05. — 



Amboyna. 



10. Bleunius cavernosus, Bl. Schn. p, 168. tab. 37. fig. 2. — Salarias cavernosus, 



Cuv. cf- Val. xi. p. 351. 



11. Salarias oKvaceus, Blyth in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 1859, p. 271. — Aida- 



man Islands. 



12. epalzeorhynchus, Bleek. Naiuurk. Tydschr. Nederl. hid. xix. p. 344. 



— Java. 



13. schultzei, Bleek. I.e. -^.Z^b. — Java. — Volume xix. of the journal 



quoted not having reached this country, I kuow of the last two species 

 only from Dr. Bleeker's " Enumei-atio specierum." 



