longer than, or as long as the soft' ; the soft anal similar to the 

 soft dorsal, of moderate extent or rather short^. Yentrals thoracic, 

 always present, with one spine and with five or four rays well 

 developed. 



I. Ventral 1/5, rarely 1/4; no bony stay for the prseoperculum*. A 



lateral line. 



A. Lateral line uninterrupted' ; neither trenchant teeth nor mo- 



lars ; no barbels at the throat. Lower pectoral rays branched. 



a. Teeth on the palate*; vertical fins not scaly. 



3. Peecid^e, i. p. 51. 



h. Palate toothless^ ; body oblong, or, if elevated, with the ver- 

 tical fins scaleless .... 5. Pristipomatidjj:, i. p. 272. 



e. Vertical fins scaly ; body elevated, or, if oblong, with seti- 

 form teeth in the jaws or villiform bands on the palate. 

 8. Squamipinnes, ii. p. 1. 



B. Lateral line interrupted . . 33. Nandid^, iii. p. 362. 



C. A pair of moveable barbels at the throat. 



6. Mtjllid^, i. p. 397. 



D. Either series of trenchant teeth in the jaws or molars on the 



sides 7. Spaeidjs, i. p. 412. 



E. Teeth of the jaws confluent into a cutting lameUa. 



31. HoPLOGNATHiDiE, iii. p. 357. 



F. Lower pectoral rays not branched ; neither trenchant teeth nor 



molars in the jaws 9. Ciekhitid^, ii. p. 70. 



II. A bony stay for the angle of the prseoperculum, which is armed, 



the bone arising from the infraorbital ring. 



106. ScoEP^NiNA, ii. p. 88. 



III. Lateral line none ; a long spinous anal fin. 



34. Polycenteid^, iii. p. 370. 



IV. Ventral with an outer and inner spine (1/4/1). 



29. Teuthidid^, iii. p. 313. 



* I propose this name for the bone wluch in the true CatajthracU, Cut., 

 reaches from the orbit to the angle of the prccoperculum, and serves to support 

 the spine with wliich the angle is armed. 



I 



' Rhypticus (i. p. 171), Centrarchus sparoides (i. p. 257), Hypei'oglyphe 

 (i. p. 337). 



' Haplodactylus (i. p. 434), some species of Chilodactylus (ii. p. 78) ; long in 

 Latris (ii. p. 86). 



3 Ambassis interrupta, buruensis (i. p. 22G). 



^ Prionodes (i. p. 96). '" Some species of Therapon (i. p. 274). 



