118 TllIGLIDiE. 



with spines on each corner ; a deep groove below the anterior angle 

 of the orbit. Dorsal spines strong ; the third and fourth are the 

 longest, 4:j in the length of the head, and shorter than those of the 

 anal fin. Red, marbled with brown and bluish-white : pectorals 

 spotted or banded ^vith black interiorly ; caudal with brown cross- 

 bands. 



East Indian Ocean and Archipelago ; Otaheiti. 



a. Half-grown. Tahiti. Purchased of M. Parzudaki. 



b. Adult. New Guinea. Presented by Captain Sir E. Belcher. 



c. Half-grown. China. Presented by J. R. Reeves, Esq. 



d. Half-grown. Amboyna. Purchased of Mr. Frank. 



e. Half-grown. Amboyna. Purchased of Mr. Erank as Scorpcena 



gihbosa. 



f. Adult : skeleton. Erom the Haslar Collection. 

 (f. Adult. Voyage of the ' Herald.' 



h. Half-grown. Erom the Collection of the Zoological Society. 

 ?. Adult: stuffed. 



Skeleton. — All the bones of the skull are very solid and strong. 

 The upper maxillary is styliform in its anterior half, and very broad 

 and spatuliform ra its posterior ; the intermaxillary is much shorter, 

 and has a broad plate-like process at the descending branch ; the 

 posterior processes are rather short. There is a wide open notch 

 between the dentary and articular bones of the mandibula, and the 

 former has a longitudinal ridg-e at its outer side, with a shallow groove 

 above ; pores and a muciferotis channel are scarcely visible. The 

 palatine bones are smooth, flat, horizontally situated, slightly bent 

 downwards posteriorly. The praeoperculum is narrow, crescent- 

 shaped, with a very rudimentary muciferous channel : it is aiTued 

 with live S2)ines, the lower of which are obtuse ; the uppermost is 

 the most pointed, and has an additional spine at its base. Tlie oper- 

 culum is small, vciih two ciu'ved ridges, each terminating in a bimdle 

 of small spines ; the subopereulum is joined to the operculum by two 

 processes, receiving between them the lower angle of the latter ; the 

 interoperculum is oblong. 



The turbinal bones are armed with several spines, one of which is 

 more prominent than the others : the praeorbital is irregiilarly shaped ; 

 several ridges radiate from a centre, and some terminate in spines : 

 the two other infraorbital bones, which form the bony bridge to the 

 prasoperculum, are rather broad, exhibiting at their surface ckisters 

 of small spines ; the ascending branch of the infraorbital ring is 

 narrow. The ethmoid is intercalated between the principal frontal 

 bones, which diverge anteriorly ; each is pro\'ided with an erect 

 process for the turbinal bones. The anterior frontals form the 

 anterior part of the orbit, terminate superiorly in a spine, and emit 

 inferiorly a process, between A\'hich and the praorbital the groove is 

 situated, which is externally visible. The space between the orbits, 

 formed by the principal frontal bones, is rather broad and concave, 

 posteriorly covered with many small spines irregularly disposed ; two 

 of these spines arc situated at the anterior corners of the quadi'angular 



