2. PENTANEMUt;. 331 



1 . Pentanemus quinquarius. 



Pentanemus, ArtecU, I. c. pi. 27. f. 2. 



Poljuemus, Gronor. Mus. Iclithyol. i. no. 74. p. 31. 



quinquarius, Z. Si/st. Nat. i. p. 521; Gronov. St/st. ed. Gray, p. 176. 



artedii, Beini. Proc. Zool. Soc. i. p. 146. 



macroneuius, Ftl, Bydrage tot de dierk. 1851, p. 9. 



D. 8|i. A.;H-. L. lat. 73. L. transv. 6/17. C«c. pylor. 7? 



I 15 30 ' ^ *^ 



Vert. 9/15. 



Five free pectoral appendages, twice as long as the body. 

 West coast of Africa ; Caribbean Sea. 



a. Adult. River Niger. From Mr. Fraser's Collection. 

 h. Adult. Ashantee. 



c. Adult. Africa. 



d. Adult female: skeleton. Africa. Presented bj* the Zoological 



Society. 



e. Adult. Africa. Presented by the Zoological Society. 

 /, g. Half-grown. Africa. From the Haslar Collection. 

 h, i. Half-gro^vn. Africa. 



k. Half -grown. Africa. 



/. Half-gi'own. Cuba. Presented by the Zoological Society. 



I found the stomach filled with small entomostraca. 



Skeleton. — The system of the muciferous channels of the bones of 

 the skuU is well developed, the channels themselves being very open, 

 and closed by bony plates at a few parts only. The upper surface 

 of the skull is provided with thi-ee longitudinal channels, a median 

 one and one on each side, running from the turbinal bone, which is 

 short, triangular, and hoUow, above the orbit and the temporal 

 region to the scapula ; all the three channels show a series of 

 large open foramina. The occipital crest and another lateral one 

 are moderately elevated and very thin, whilst the entu'e outer crest 

 is transformed into a part of the lateral channel. The cleft of 

 the mouth being very wide, the jaw-bones are relatively much 

 elongate : the maxillary is styHform in its basal third, and gradually 

 widens in its other two thirds ; the intermaxillary is as long as the 

 maxiUary, slender, stylifonn, -ndth a very narrow band of minute 

 teeth and with the posterior processes very short. The mandibula 

 is feeble, toothed lUce the intermaxillary, and with a wide cleft' 

 between the dentary and articulary bones. The head of the vomer 

 has anteriorly two prominent ridges, meeting at a rather obtuse 

 angle, behind which is a deep groove ; it is perfectly toothless, lilie 

 the palatine bone, which is very short, one-fourth only of the length 

 of the pterygoid. The praoperculum is narrow, scmilunate, with a 

 very distinct muciferous channel ; the operculum triangular, with a 

 slight ridge on its inner surface. The basal portion of the brain- 

 capsule is slightly swollen on each side of the basisphenoid, showing a 

 triangular impression between the two swellings. The glossohyal 

 is small, styliform, the ceratohyal elongate. The seven peetoral 

 appendages are joined to the posterior margin of the radius, which is 



