334 si'HYR-ENrD.T;. 



Fam. 14. SPHYR^NID^. 



Pereoidei, pt., Cuv. liequa Atiim. ; Cuv. Sf Vol. Hisf. Nat. des Poiss. 



iii. p. 325 ; Mull. Be'rl. AbhamU. 1844, p. 201. 

 Percidfe, pt., Owen, Led. on Conipar. Aitaf. p. 49. 

 SphjTfenoidei, Agass. Reeherches Poiss. Foss. v. p. 93. 

 SphjTEenidae, Bleeker, Bijdrage tot de kenniss der Sphyranoiden. 



Body elongate, subcylindrical, covered with small cycloid scales ; 

 lateral line continuous. Cleft of the mouth wide, armed with strong- 

 teeth. Eye lateral, of moderate size. Seven branchiostegals ; 

 pseudobranchiae and air-bladder present. Two dorsal fins, remote 

 from each other ; anal similar to the second dorsal ; ventrah ahdo- 

 minal, composed of one spine and five rays. 



Carnivorous fishes, inhabiting the seas of the temperate and tro- 

 pical regions. One genus only. 



1. SPHYR^NA*. 



Sphyrsena, Artedi, Srjnon. p. 112 : Cnv. Reqne Anim. ; Cur. ^- Tid. iii. 

 p. 325. 



Body more or less elongate, covered with small smooth scales ; 

 cleft of the mouth wide. Large, trenchant teeth in both the jaws 

 and on the palatine bones, none on the vomer. Two short dorsals, 

 situated at a gi'eat distance from each other ; the ventrals opposite 

 the anterior dorsal, the short anal opposite the posterior. Branchio- 

 stegals seven ; pseudobranchiae present ; air-bladder large, bifur- 

 cate anteriorly. Pyloric appendages in great number. 



Inhabitants of nearly aU the tropical and temperate seas. 



1. Sphyraena vulgaris. 



"S^vpaiva, Aristot. ix. cap. 2 ; JElian, i. cap. 33; Atlieri. vii. ; Oppian, 



lib. i. ii. & iii. 

 Sudis, PHn. xxxii. cap. 11 ; Salvian. p. 69. 

 Sphyi'sena, Rondel, viii. cap. 1 ; Gesner, p. 882 ; Wilhu/hby, p. 273 ; 



Artedi, Synon. p. 112. 

 Sphj'Vffina s. Sudis, Salvian. p. 70 ; Aldrov. i. cap. 21. p. 102 ; Jonsfon, 



lib. i. tit. 2. cap. 1. art. IG. tab. 18. f. 1 ; Rarj, p. 84. 

 Esox spli)T£ena, L. Gm. p. 1389. 

 Spbyi-ffiua spbyra;na, Bl. taf. 389 ; Bl. Selin. p. 109 ; Risso, lehth. 



Nice, p. 332 ; 3Iurtens, Reise nacli Ve^iedig, ii. p. 426. 

 spet, Lacep. v. pp. 326, 328 ; Bonap. Faun. Pal. Pesci, cum fig-. 



(juv.)- 

 becuna, Lacep. v. pp. 327, 329. pi. 9. f. 3 : Cur. .S' Val. iii. p. 340, 



vii. p. 507 (part.). 



* 1. Splijra-na cliinensis, Richards. Ichth. Chin. p. 266. — Chinese Sea. 

 2. '- affinis, R'lipp. Neue Wirbelfh. Fische, p. 98. — Red Sea. 



