Ixii INTKI'.KKLATIONS OF G TN KIIA. 



may at once be se])arate(l, owiiij; to its less slioitcnorl roslruin and 

 the presence of in,, and m" ; next the two closely interrelated 

 genera Baliouj/cteyia and Cliironax, the former of which has f)rc- 

 served m" ; as a tliird branch Nyctimene, and as a fourth Sphcpriax, 

 on account of their peculiar specializations in diH'orent directions ; 

 the remaining six tjenera may bo divided into two groups, those 

 with {C'l/nopterus, Ptenochirus, 3Ier/a;rops, Dyacoptenis) and those 

 ■without jiostorbital foramina (TJiooptcrus, PentJufor), Dyacoptenis 

 being in this respect intermediate (foramina present but minute). 



All the genera reviewed above, the Housel tine, Eporaophorine, 

 anil Cynopterine sections, form together a Subfamily ot Mega- 

 chiroptera, the Pteropodinge. The characters of this subfamily, 

 in contradistinction to tlie second primary subdivision of Mega- 

 cliiroptera, the subfamily Macroglossinse, have been fully discussed 

 in the systematic part of this Catalogue (i)p. 723-728, fig. 65), 

 and it is sufficient here to emphasize the fact that the only real 

 difference between the two subfamilies lies in the greater special- 

 ization of the tongue and the tongue papillie in the Macroglosshuv 

 (adaptation to a diet consisting, at least partly, of pollen). 



Eonyctsris (three species : Indo-China, Indo-^falaya, Celebes) is 

 on the whole the least specialized genus of JJacroylossinre. In the 

 general characters of the skull, dentition, and palate-ridges, as 

 well as in external appearance (except for the loss of the claw of 

 the index), it is remarkably like lioHsetiihi, but the cheek-teeth 

 are narrower than in typical liousettus, m., and m" somewhat 

 reduced (m, absent in one species), the tongue is, of course, 

 typicall}' Macroglossine, there is scarcely any trace of odontoid 

 papillae on the inner side of the lips, and the difference in length 

 l)etween the third (longest) and fifth metacarpals is greater than in 

 llouseUus. 



Megaloglossus (one species: Ethiopian) is undoubted]}' derived 

 from an Eonycteris-W^Q type, but is considerably more advanced 

 in specialization. The molars are become low and linear, but p^, 

 ])\ and p., are practically unreduced in height (fig. 71 B, p. 74P), 

 the rostrum longer and slenderer, the premaxillai ])roclivous and 

 ankylosed together in front, the extremity of the mandible elon- 

 gated, the tongue somewhat lengthened, and the tail rudimentary 

 (in some individuals hardly traceable externally). 



Macroglossus (two species, six forms : Indo-China, Indo- 

 jVFalaya, Austro-iLalaya) is the eastern representative of the 

 Ethiopian Meyalor/lossus. It has evidently originated from a typo 

 essentially similar to lUer/aloijlosnHS, but with p\ m^, and m^ less 

 reduced in size; and it has carried the specialization considerably 

 fiirtlier than Mfr/aloylossus. All cheek-teeth (p*, p\ and p., not 

 excepted) are become low and linear (fig. 71 C, p. 749), the pre- 

 maxilla) are even more proclivous, the mandible even more length- 

 ened anteriorly, the mandibular symphysis longer, the facial axis 

 much more strongly deflected, the third metacarpal shortened and 



