61 



4. PTEROPUS, Brisson. 

 Pternjnis (pt.), Dobsoii, Cat. Chir, B. M. p. 15. 



17(}'2. Pceropus, Bn's-sv/i, llr</n. Aiiiut., 2 etl. pp. 13, •'■ ' 



lo3-15o Pt. niger. 



1799. Spectrum, Lacepkle, Tubl. Mnmm. p. 15 \_ncc 

 Spectriun, ScopoH, 1777, a genus of Lepi- 

 doptera] Pt. niger. 



18()(). Eunvcteris, Grai/, P. if. *S'. p. 04 Pt. melanupogon. 



1870. Spectrum, Grai/', Cat. Monl;. ^-c. pp. 99, 100. Pt. niger. 



lb'70. Pselaphon, Gruij, Cat. Monk. S^-c. p. 110 [nee 

 Pselaphus, Herbgt, 1792, a genus of Coleo- 

 ptera] Pt. pselaplion. 



H99. Serieonycteris, Matschie, Meyaohir. pp. 0, 30. Pt. subniger. 



1907. Desnialnpex, Miller, Fam. ^- Gen, Bafi^, p. GO 



(29 June, 1907) Pt. leucopterus. 



D'Hujnosh. — Basicranial axis distinctly deflected ; occiput tubular: 

 length of rostrum nnich greater than lachrymal breadth ; breadtli 

 of palate posteriorly .subequal to breadth between canines. Incisors 

 r, — '.,; cheek-teeth ^: p' rudimentary, deciduous, p,, m^, and m'^ 

 much reduced ; outer cusp of lower cheek-teeth never deeply bifid ; 

 no inner basal ledge in lower cheek-teeth (except in Pt. aiielifums), 

 and no well developed antero-intcrnal basal cusp in any cheek- 

 tooth. Second digit clawed ; membranes from sides of dorsum and 

 back of second toe ; calcar well developed ; no tail. Forearm 

 86-220 mm. 



Shull (tigs. 6-S). — (1) DiflTerential characters, as compared with 

 skulls of EhJolon (fig. 1, p. 3) and liousettus (figs. 2-4, pp. 17, 49, 

 i)'!). — Occiput produced backward and downward, as a short tube. 

 Tympanic annular, much narrower than in lioiiscttus. Maxillary 

 tooth-rows less divei'ging in antero-postcrior direction ; palate rela- 

 tively narrower, particularly in its postdental portion : breadth at 

 extreme hinder border subecjual to breadth between canines, much 

 less than breadth between p'-p'. Ivostrum more conspicuously 

 constricted at diastema c-p\ I'remaxillaD heavier, zvgomatic arches, 

 ectopterygoid, posttympanic, and paroccipital processes stronger, 

 angular portion of mandible more broadly rounded off. 



(2) The typical Pteropine skull (tig. (i). — The skull of Pt. hypo- 

 melanus, as showing no ai)preciable specialization in any respect, 

 may serve as a paradigm of a " typical Pteropine " skull, and as a 

 basis for a brief summary of the principal aberrations from this 

 fundamental type : — Deflection of brain-case moderate, alveolar line 

 if projected backward passing through middle or upper half of 

 occipital condyles. Nostrum not shortened : front of orbit vertically 

 above front (or some point of front half) of m'. Sagittal crest 

 perfectly developed throughout its whole length, extending anteri- 

 orly very nearly to base of postorbital processes; brain-ease much 

 constricted in front, breadth of postorbital much less than of inter- 

 orbital constriction. Postorbital processes moderate, reaching 



