with greyish hairs, pariicuhuly on uuclt'i'inirU), and viLh l)ri^htcr- 

 <;olo\ireii niaiitle (many spocies. particularly smaller, hairy-legged 

 forms, predominant style e.g. in the Pt. samoensis group); (2) back 

 blacki^ih or brownish (often thinly sprinkled with greyish hairs), 

 mantle bright-coloured, underparts paler than back (many species, 

 style purest in Pt. rufus, girinnteus, and their closest allies) ; the 

 pale colour of the underparts may be restricted to the centre of the 

 breast (Pt. melanotus and others), or wholly replaced by bbickish 

 or brownish {Pt. vam/ii/rns and othors); the normally very incon- 

 spicuous pale sprinkling of the back may be greatly exaggerated, 

 making the colour of tlie back nearly hair-brown (Pf. 7iiadicits) or 

 even silvery greyish (some races of Pt. /u/por>ieJ(iina<, Pt. arnensii) ; 

 (3) blackish above and beneath, generally more or less thinly 

 sprinkled with greyish hairs, and with strongly contrasting yel- 

 low ish-bulF mantle (this stylo is found only in the eleven species of 

 the Pt. mariannus and conspkillatn^ groups, and in Pt. macrotis and 

 epulavius) ; (4) uniform blackish above and beneath, with or with- 

 out some trace of a "tippet" (Pt. modigJiani, nafalis, some races 

 of Pt. I'ainpi/rus, Pt. aJccfo, gotddi, lii'iny&tonei).- The upperside is 

 tricoloured (pale mantle, dark hack, pale rump) in most of the 

 species of the Pt. rai/tieri group inhabiting the Solomon Islands 

 ( Pf. rai/»eri, ruhidjius., Inrelhiims, gra»dis) and in a related ^oluccan 

 species (Pt. chri/sojjroctus). The whole of the fur of the body is 

 unusually pale, nearly silvery buff or silvery whitish, in Pt. tem- 

 tniwlci, persoiuttus, and capistratvs. One species is nearly uniform 

 buffy above and beneath (]'t. Iceijeiisis). Pt. persomitus and capi- 

 stratus are unique in the genus in having the head marked with 

 sharply pronounced dark brown stripes on pale ground (compare 

 Stijlocteniam). 



Sexual differentiation. — Canines in males of nearly all species 

 longer and heavier than in females. I'ur of mantle in most species 

 which show no other external sexual differentiation more rigid and 

 unctuous in males, sotter and more spreading in females (nearly all 

 species of the Pt. hypoixehinv^, mariannus, rufus, melanotus, ntelano- 

 jtogon.alecto,conxpicillatus, a nd/ifo/aAeTMtoiis groups, but the character 

 is not e(]ually conspicuoiis in all of these species) ; in some of these 

 the concealed base of the fur of the mantle is dark brownish in 

 females, contrasting with the light yellowish-lnifl: tips of the hairs, 

 whereas in males the fur of the mantle is light-coloured to the 

 extreme base (h. mariannus and conspicillatus groups). Males of 

 certain species have a well-developed rigid, generally richer-coloured 

 tuft of glandular hairs on each side of the neck, while these tufts 

 are either entirely wanting or indistinctly differentiated in females 

 (Ft. hruntiei'.s, cognaius, rai/neri, ruhianus, lavellanu-s, grandis, 

 lomhocensis, soliiarius. giqanteus, ariel, li/lei, epulanus, macrotis, 

 scapulntus, vinodfordi). — l)obson's statement (Cat. Cliir. pp. 17, 49, 

 54) that the mantle of the female is generally " darker or less 

 brilliantly coloured than that of the male" must have been based 

 on insuHicicnt material ; the individual variation in the colour of 

 the mantle is in some species considerable, but in no species 



