80 I'TEKorrs. 



The single species inliabitiug Rodriguez (PL rod riccn sis) is rather 

 closely related to I't. lomhoctnsis and noUtarius (Lesser Binida 

 Islands").- It is a remarkable fact thafc in the Mascarenes (the 

 small islands of Mauritius, Keunion, and llodriguez) have Leeu 

 preserved representatives of three different groups of the genus 

 (rnfiis, hypmnelanns, and Jomhocen^is groups), two of which (the 

 second and third groups) are iound nowhere else in the Malagasy 

 region. Of the three s])ecies, two {Ft. niger, sribmr/er) are common 

 to Mauritius and Reunion, while the third is only known with 

 certainty from Rodriguez. 



II. Ceylonese, Indian, and Indo-CJiii'ese Svhretjions (including 

 Mergui Archipelago, Formosa, and S. Liu-kiu Islands). — 8 species 

 (10 forms), of three groups, viz.: — (1) Ft.ariel, fji(juiitnis (f/iyaniena 

 and leucocaphahts) , internifditis, hjlti (Ft. vampyrtis group) ; (2) 

 Ft. hypouteJanus {coudoreitsis and yeminor)(m),j'oi'mos>is, dasymallus 

 {Ft. hypomelanvs group) ; (3) Ft. loovhoensis (Ft. mariannns group). 



The genus is remarkahly poorly represented in continental South 

 Asia, in fact chiefly, if not entirely, by western offshoots of Indo- 

 Malayan types. Ft. inttrmedcKs (Teuasserim), (liyauteKS (Hima- 

 layas, India, Ceylon), and arifl (Maldive Archipelago) are scarcely 

 more than slightly modiiied immigrants of the Lido-Malayan 

 Ft. vamjiyriis: it is not unlikely that, with much completer mate- 

 rial, they will he considered subspecies of l^t. vampyrus. The 

 .small Ft. lyJei (Siam, 8aijjon) is rather more distinct, perhaps a 

 truly indigenous continental type of this group, as opposed to 

 Ft. varnpyrus and its continental ramifications. Ft. Jiy/ionu-laniis 

 condorensis (Cambodja, Siam) and yeminoruiu (Mergui Aichipelago) 

 are western races of an Indo- and Austro-Malayan species. The 

 single species known from Formosa (Ft. formosus) and one of 

 the Liu-kiu species (Ft. dasyniaUvs) are represeutatives of the 

 Itypouidanus group, m skull and dentition very closely agreeing 

 Mith the typical Indo- and Austro-Malayan species of that group : 

 the second Liu-kiu species (Ft. loochoensis) is decidedly of Polynesian 

 origin, being an only slightly modiiied, extreme north-western off- 

 shoot of the otherwise exclusively Polynesian and Micionesian I'i. 

 mariannus group ; its nearest xelative is iound iu the Mariannes. 



III. Indo - 2Jid"ya (excl. Mergui Archipelago). — 13 species 

 ('2'2 forms), of five groups, viz. : — (1) Ft. tytUri, tnehinotHS, niudicus, 

 'inodiyVmnii, natalis (Ft. melanotus group); (2) Ft. vainpyriis; ('•'>) 

 Ft. hypotntlanus^spenus'iis., ynimus, satyrus, faunulus (Ft. hypo- 

 rnchmus group) ; (4) Ft. atenimiis (Ft. alecto group) ; (5) Ft. 

 hucojjterus (Ft. pselopihon group). The subregion is easily divided 

 into two provinces : — ■ 



(«) Andaman-^'icobar chain and its south-eastern continuation 

 (Nias, Engano, Christmas Island). — 9 species, of three groups, 

 \iz.: — (1) Ft. fytleri, melanoiiis, ^liadicas, rnodiyhanii, nataiis; 

 (2) '•'■ Ft.vampynis"; (3) J't. hyjiomehmus (snhf>\). enr/ariii.i),s(ityrvii, 

 faumdiis. — Zoogeograjihically the most inti-i'csting jiarf of the sub- 



