102 riEROPUS HYPOMELAXUS. 



Ears. — ;^^ode^ate in length, not nearly reaching eye, brond, 

 exposed. Inner margin convex from base to tip, though rather 

 ilatter in upper than lower half; outer margin convex in lower 

 two-thirds, straight or very flatly concave in upper third. Upper 

 half of conch broad, not constricted, tip rather broadly rounded off. 

 Conch naked, except posteriorly at base and along lower third or 

 half of inner and outer margins. 



Winf/s. — About 15-22 millimetres apart at origin from back. 



Inter femoral. — Very short or undeveloped in centre. 



i'^td-.— Short, adpressed on back. Longest haiis at middle of 

 back 10-14 mm. AVidth of hairy space across middle of back 

 3S-55 mm. 



Above, humerus covered with short, closely adpressed hairs ; 

 elbow nrtked ; thinly spread, short, closely adpressed hnirs on 

 proximal fourth or third of forearm. Knee and upper surface of 

 tibia naked. Fur extending on lateral interfemoral along inner 

 side of tibia to about middle of same. 



Below, antebrachial membrane, lateral membrane along outer 

 side of forearm and between humerus and femur covered with 

 woolly hair. Tibia naked. 



Colour. — Varying according to the subspecies (see summary of 

 modifications of colours, pp. 102-104, and descriptions of subsjiecies). 



liavr/e. — The Indo-Malayan and Austro-Malayan Archipelagos, 

 eastward to New Guinea, Trobriand Islands, and Woodlark Island, 

 westward to Cochiuchina, Siam, the Mcrgui Archipelago, Sembilan 

 Islands, and Engano — No form of Pf. hi/jwwdanus is known from 

 Java, the Lesser Sunda Islands, Timor Laut, Key, and Aru Islands ; 

 so that the species chiefly covers the Archipelago north of the Java, 

 Flores, Sunda, and Banda Seas. In the Andamans (Pt. satj/ms), 

 Nicobars (Pt. faimidus), Timor (Pt. f/t-isczis), Banda Islands (Pt. 

 pnllidus). Admiralty Islands (Pt. adnnralitatii'ni)., and Solomons 

 (Pt. colonns and solomonis), it is replaced by distinct, but closely 

 allied, species. 



Subspecies. — The principal characters of the eleven geographical 

 races of Pt. lujpomelanns described below may be briefly summed 

 up as follows: — 



(1) Size of teeth : — Unmodified in all races, except Pt. h. canus 

 and lepidus; in which the teeth average slightly larger than usual. 



(2) General size of animal : — The same in all races, except 

 Pt. h. enqamis, which averages smaller than usual. 



(3) Colour of fur : — The general scheme of coloration in Pt. Ju/jk- 

 melanus and its principal modifications according to the subspecies 

 are these : — 



(a) Back some shade of brown, varying from nearly black, 

 through seal-brown, to Prout's brown or mars-brown ; rarely 

 these blackish and brownish shades are perfectly uniform, gene- 

 rally more or less sprinkled with greyish-white hairs. The 

 greater or less amount of pale greyish admixture on back and 

 rump is, broadly speaking, a racial character: — In the Papuan 

 and Austro-Malrtj-an races {lateus, lu/ponelanus, macassaricvs) the 



