I'TEKOl'lS l,Kl(01'Ti;i;l"S. 311' 



00. Pteropus leucopterus, Teiivn. 

 Pterojyns leucopterus, Dobson, Cat. Chir. B. M. p. 32. 



Pteropus leucopterus, Teinminck, F.sq. Zool. p. 60 (1853: ? Philip- 

 pines) ; Wa(/ner, Sc/irebers Siinff., Supjjl. v. p. 599 (185.3- .>5 : 

 Philippines);" Peters, MB. Ahnd. Berlin, 1807, p. 32.3 (loc. 

 unknown) ; FitziM(/er. SB. Aknd. Wieti. Ix. Abth. i. p. 43.'! 

 (1870: Philippine.^) : Bobmn, Cat. Chir. B. M. p. .32, pi. iv. 

 fifr. 1 (skull; teeth 1 (1878: Philippine*: ? China) ; Trouesnarf, 

 Jler. Si- Maij. Zuol. (;^) vi. p. 203 (1879: Philippines; ? China); 

 Jentii>k, Cat. Osf. Mdiiim. p. 253 (1887: skull of type); id., 

 Cat. Syst. Mamvi. p. 140 (1888 : Philippines, type) ; Ele-n, Cat. 

 Sist. Faun. Filip. i. p. 5 (ISy-"): J^uzoii ; Cagayaii) : Troiiessarf, 

 Cat. Mamm. i. p. 78 (1897: Philippines: ? China) : Smichez, 

 An. Soc. JEspan. Hist. Nat. xxix. pp. 241, 275, 288 (1900-1901 : 

 Philippines); A'. Andersen, Ann. ^- Maij. N. H. (8) iii. ]>. 213 

 1909 : characters and affinities). 



Spectrum leucopterum. Gray, Cut. Monh. S,-c. p. 102 (1870 : 

 Philippines). 



Pteropus (Spectrum) leucopterus, Matschie, Meyachir. p. 26 (_1899 : 

 ? Philippines: ? China) ; Trouessart, Cat. Mamm., Suppl. p. 53 

 (1904: ? Philippines; ? China). 



Desmalopex leucopterus. Miller, Fam. Si- den. Bats, ]). (^)0 (1907;. 



Pteropus chinensis, Gray, Cat. Monk. ^-c. p. Ill (1870: China). 



Diafjnosis. — .\llied io Pt. p.'felctpJion, hut covonoii lower and more 

 sloping, raolariform teeth above and below peculiarly shortened, 

 those iu upper jaw subquadrate. A shallow transverse depression 

 always present in inner, sometimes also in outer, ridge of m^ and m ,, 

 if fully developed rendering these teeth indistinctly quadritubercular 

 in appearance. Forearm 136 (?)-142'5 mm. Hah. Philippines. 



Skull (fig. 10). — In most of its essential characters similar to 

 skull of Pt. jistlaphori. Ilostrum short and stout, though (perha])s 

 owing to reduced size of cheek-teeth) rather less so than in 

 Pt. pseJaphou ; width of rostrum externally across alveolar borders 

 of p'-p' suhe(|ual to orbital diameter ; front of orbit vertically 

 above back of p' (or interspace p^-m'). Orbits directed more 

 upward than in Pt. jh^ehipJion, but not more so tllan in certain 

 other s])ecies of the genus, e. g. 7^/. r/li/anteus and vampyrvs. Post- 

 orbital processes of frontals long, in both of the British Muscnint 

 skulls fused with corresponding smaller processes of zygoma, thus 

 completely encircling orbit behind. Mandible much less heavy 

 posteriorly than in Pt. psclaphon ; coronoid process lower and 

 more sloping, coronoid height of mandible less than c-m^ ; angular 

 process well pronounced : condyles distinctly above level of alveolar 

 line ; gonys (symphysis) lower and more sloping than in Pt. 

 pselaphoii. 



Teeth (lig. IG). — Characters of tipper incisors and canines as in 

 Pt. pselaphon (incisors, if anything, still a little larger, and wirli 

 cingulum still .^lightly broader), p' rather less reduced than usual, 

 equal to or slightly larger than i,, crown slightly differentiated from 

 shaft (cf. Pi. loint'oceitsis). p'' normal in outline, p' and m' pecu- 

 liarly short(antero-posteriorly),subquadi'ate, oiie-lhird (o one-fourth 



