PTEROPus «'Arri,.vTrs. 403 



81. Pteropus scapulatus, P<'t. 

 Plerojnts scapidatus, Dobson, Cat. Cliir. li. M. jj. 11. 



I'teropus scapulatus, Peters, MB. Akad. Berlin, 1862 (14 Aug.), 

 p. 574 (0. York) ; Guuld, Mam)n. Austr. i. p. xxxvii (]8(i8: 

 V. York) ; Peters, MB. Akad. Berlin, 1867, p. 329 (C. York) ; 

 Dobson. Cut. Chir. B. M. p. 41. pi. iv. hs. 3 (teeth) fl878 : Ckre- 

 moDtls.); Troue-ssart, Ree. ^- Mag Zool. (3) vi. p. 20o (1879: 

 Claremont Is. and K.) ; Collett, /^ol. Jakrb. ii. p. 843 (1887 : 

 Mackav) ; Jentink, Cat. O^t. Mamm. p. 254 (1887; Australia); 

 id., Cd. Si/.st. Mamm. p. 141 (1888: Clarence R.) ; Flower^- 

 Lydekker, Mamm. p. 051 (1891); Leche, Morph. Jahrb. xix. 

 Heft 3, p. 543 (1892: i-eduction of teeth) ; 0<jilby, Cat. Austr. 

 Mamm. p. 80 (1892 : X.E. Australia) ; P. L. t-vlater, List Anim. 

 Zool. 'Soc. Gard. 9 ed. p. 102 (189(i : Thursday 1.) ; Dahl, 

 Zoologist. (4) i. p. 191 (1897 : Ualv K. ; habits) ; Collett, P. Z. -V. 

 1897, p. 318 (Daly R.) ; Luca.s, Proc. R. Soc. Queensl. xii. p. 51 

 (1897: Queen.slaiid) ; Trouessart, Cat. Mamm. i. p. 79 (1897: 

 N.E. Australia); Thoxia.^, Nov. Zool. xi. p. 222 (1904 : S. Alli- 

 gator R.) ; Miller, Fam. cV 6-'e«. ^e^*-, p. 58 (1907) ; Thomas, 

 Atiu. 1^ Mag. N. II. (8; i. p. 347 (1908 :• supernumerary lower pre- 

 molar). 



Pteropus (Spectrum) -scapulatus, Matschie, Meguchir. p. 22, pi vii- 

 %s. 4, 4 a, 4^ (skull of type) (1899: C. York ; Rockhampton) ^ 

 Trouessart, Cat. Mamm., Suppl. p. 51 (1904 : N. and N.l:]- 

 Australia). 



Pteropus elseyi, Grai/, P. Z. S. 1866, p. 67 (Claremont Is.) ; id.. Cat. 

 Monk. ^-c. p. 108 (1870: Claremont Is. ; N. Australia). 



Diagnosis. — Brain-case strongly deflected, sagittal crest Io«' or 

 undeveloped, condyle of raaudible level with alveolar line. Canines 

 long and thin, other teeth reduced, cheek-teeth excessivel\- narrow. 

 Ears long and pointed; tibia naked above. Fur of body dark brown 

 above and beneath, head gri/./.led hair-brown, collar cinnamon or 

 russet, hair on underside of membrane.s pale straw-yellow. Males 

 with glandular neck-tufts. Forearm 131-143 mm. Hah. N. and 

 N.E. Australia. 



Skull (fig. 18). — Very similar to that of Pt. epularias, from which 

 it differs chiefly as follows : — Brain-case more strongly dellected, 

 alveolar line projected backward passing through supraoccipital 

 near its upper margin ; premaxillae unitsuallj- broad in antero- 

 posterior direction (see profile of skull, fig. 18); orbits moderate, 

 somewhat smaller than in Ft. epularius ; front of orbit vertically 

 above posterior half of p' ; lower postorbital processes (from zygoma) 

 unusually long in aged specimens ; coronoid process (in accordance 

 with degeneration of cheek-teeth) still lower than in Pt. epulariua, 

 much sloping condyle level with alveolar line of mandible. — 

 Temporal cre-sts generally separated in fully adult specimens, 

 occasionally in aged specimens fused to form a sagittal cre.^t which, 

 however, remains low, only slightly raised above the smooth surface 

 of the brain-rase. Symphysis meiiti not longer than usual (c/'. 

 Dobson, Cat. Chir. B. M. p. 42). 



Teeth (Hg. 18). — Cpperand lower incisors reduced in size, distinct) }• 



2d2 



