EPOMOPS. 491 



Palaie-riilcji's. — See fig.3l (p. 48'J) and synopsis of species (p. 494). 



Lips, pharynx, larynx, hyoid bones (fijj. 62). — Lips full, pendulous, 

 and high]}- expansible, transverse diameter of mouth with expanded 

 lips about four or five times that of palatal breadth (character 

 conspicuous in both sexes, but most highly developed in males). 

 Oral cavity communicating by a very restricted aperture -with the 

 unusually long, 'wide, and greatly extensible pharynx. Larynx 

 (fig. 32 B) spacious, with ossified walls, large e|iiglottis, and well- 

 developed lower vocal chords. Hyoid bones (fig. 32 A) peculiarly 

 modified : thyrohyals long and spatnlate, ceratohyals articulating 

 by a synovial joint (permitting a very free rotatory motion) with 

 basihyal, and at their upper extremity with the cartilaginous 

 epihyals : these latter subcircular in outline, with the inner side 

 fiat or slightly convex, the outer side deeply concave. (For further 

 details see Dobson. 1. c. For anatomy of alimentary, respiratory, 

 renal, and reproductive organs see llobin, Ann. Sci. Nat. (6) Zool. 

 xii. Art. 2, 1881.) 



Ears. — Simple, outer margin flatly concave in upper third, tip 

 rounded oflf (compare Hypsuinathus). Autitragai lobe small, 

 triangular. 



Wings. — Membranes from upper part of flanks (therefore 

 separated at origin by nearlj' the whole breadth of the dorsum), 

 and inserted on first phalanx of second toe. Antebrachial mem- 

 brane broad, including basal third of first phalanx of pollex. 

 Vertical fasciie of mesopatagium very numerous (36-47), crowded, 

 interspaces scarcely more than one millimetre; transverse trabeculfe 

 extremely numerous and crowded. iletacar[ial of index much 

 longer than in Pleroies ; third metacarpal generally a little longer 

 than fifth, fourth a little shorter than both ; first phalanx of third 

 and fourth digits considerably shorter than in Flerotes, the former 

 being about two-thirds (in Flerotes three-fourths), the latter 

 one-half (in Pleroies much more than one-half) of the metacarpals of 

 the same digits : second phalanx of third digit considerably shorter 

 than (in Flerotes nearly equal to) metacarpal : second phalanx of 

 fourth digit always, that of fifth digit generally longer (in Flerotes 

 shorter) than first phalanx of same digits. Subjoined, the wing- 

 indices of Epomops (upper row), calculated from measurements of 

 3(1 adult specimens representing all forms known, and those of 

 Flerotes (lower row) for comparison. 



Tail and interfemoral. — Tail rudimentary, in some individuals 



