HIPaieNATHCS. 503 



of orbit to gncathion subequal to (in Epomops only two-thirds of) 

 distance from former point to lambdoid crest ; height above canine 

 subequal to height above m' ; dorsal surface of ro^trum broad and 

 convex, marked ott'from lateral surfaces by a prominent longitudinal 

 ridge ; a strong vertical crest from nasals to alveole of canine 

 (supporting cutaneous fold of upper li^j). llostrum of adult female 

 similarly, but much less excessively, modified ; length from front 

 of orbit to gnathion about four-fifths of distance from former point 

 to lambdoid crest ; dorsal profile distinclly descending anteriorly, 

 height above canine less than above m' ; horizontal ridge of rostrum 

 undeveloped, vertical crest barely indicated (cutaneous folds of 

 upper lip much snialler in females). Nasals longer than in Epomops, 

 in adult males very strongly, in females only slightly, lient down- 

 ward anteriorly ; tip of nasals in front of canines. Premaxill;e 

 much broader than in Epomops, in adult individuals ankylosed with 

 each other anteriorly and with maxiljaries laterally and ventrally, 

 half as broad at ujjper extremity as along alveolar margin. 

 Interdental palate fully as broad as in Epomops, postdental pala'iO 

 considerably narrower, particulnily behind z\gomalic processes of 

 maxillary bones ; breadth of mesopterygoid fossa much less than 

 (ill Epomops subequal to or even rather more than) palatal breadth 

 between p^-p^ Sagittal crest well developed in fronto-parietal 

 region, undeveloped or very low along interparietal. Symphysis 

 nienti unusually broad, long, and much sloping. Other cranial 

 characters esscntiallj' as in Epomops. 



Dentition (fig. 33). — -^~-. ^~ =28. p, rudimentary, 



dentition on the whole weak. 



Incisors more broadlj- spaced than in Epiomops : lower incisors 

 closing in front of (nearly completely covering) upper, crowns not 

 or only obscurely bilobed. Lower canines shorter, scarcely higher 

 than p,, directed obliquely backward and outward, and closing 

 some distance (in adult males about 2 mm.) in front of upper *. 

 Diastema c-p^ unusually wide, all cheek-teeth spaced, p, quite 

 rudimentary, styliform, scarcely piercing gum, rather smaller in 

 cross-section even than a lower incisor. Outer and inner ridge of 

 ]i^ and P3 more completely fused than in Epomops ; outer and inner 

 ridge of p', m\ p^, m^, and m, higher and their cusps more narrowly 

 jointed ; outer ridge of p^ more or less obscurely, that of m^ always 

 distinctly trilobed or bilobed, that of m., always bilobed. 



Palate-ruins (fig. 34 C). — Very similar to those of Epomops 

 (figs. 34 A, B), but first ridge moved backward to front of p' (in 

 Epomops jsituatod at back of canines) ; second and third ridges 

 more posterior in position than in E. franqneti (fig. 34 A), but 

 A\ (.'oii-oni (fig. 34 P) exhibits a ti.insitional stage toward llypsi- 

 (/nathus. Three interdental ridges thick, prominent, straight, 



* Also in the milk dentition of Hiipsignailms the incisors are widely 

 spaced, the lower incisors "bite '" in fmnt of the u])p('r, and the lower canines a 

 good distance (l"5 nun.) in front of the, upper ; see J pull., n. R4.1.2.').l 

 (fnrenrin 70 mm., as again.st 118-127 in adult females; all milk teeth present 

 p, on the point of piercing the jaw, no other jiPi-manent teeth out). 



