KdXYClKEl?!. 729 



Bull. lUtp. .hjric. Iiul. Nterl. (BuiteiiZ(ir-), n. w. p. 13 (1908: 

 food ). 

 CaUinvcteiis, Jmlink, I. a. c. (1889) ; Flower ^- Li/dekker, Mamm, 

 p. Goo (1891); Winr/e, E Mns. LuiuUi, ii. pt." 1, p. 59 (1892: 

 affinities); Mafschic, Meyachir. p. 90 (18:19); Miller, Fam. 4' 

 Gen. Bats, p. &) (1907) : K. Andersen. Ann. S,- May. N. H. (8) 

 vi, p. &2b (1910: iiuited with Eonyetvris). 



Suinmarif of characters. — Tongue Macroglossiiie. Brain-case less 

 dotlected than usual in the subt'amil\^ ; prcmaxillte suhequal in 

 breadth throughout, in simple contact (not ani\)-losed) or even 

 slightly separated in front. Incisors l-'l ; cheek-teeth ? or (by 

 suppression of minute m^) ^, and not quite so narrow as usual 

 in M((cro//Jossi)uK ; palate- ridges eight. Index without claw; fifth 

 metacarpal conspicuously shorter than third ; tail sube(|ual in 

 length to foot with claws ; a pair of large anal glands. Forearm 

 61-5-79-5 mm. [Tiiree S])ecie9. ffah. The Indo-ifalayan Sub- 

 region, excluding the Philippines, and extending east to Celebes, 

 north-west to Siam and Burma.] 



The following two characters, taken together, are sufficient to 

 distinguish this genus from all other Fruit-bats, viz. tougue 

 Macroglossine, tail suhequal to foot (with chiws) ; in all other 

 Macroglossine genera, except Nofopteris, the tail is rudimentary or 

 absent, in Notupterls as long as the forearm. Another absolutely 

 diagnostic combination of cliaracters is this : index -witliout claw, 

 two pairs of lower incisors ; the three oUier Megachiropteran genera 

 ■without claw on the index (Dobsonin, Nesonycterh, and Noiopteris) 

 have all one pair only of lower incisors. No other Indo-Malayan 

 Fruit-hat lacks the claw on the index. 



SkiiU (fig. 6G). — In general aspect as well as in nearly all detnila 

 very similar to the skidl oi Jionsettiis (fig. 2, p. 17). Basicranial 

 axis a little more distinctly deflected than in typical Roiiscttiis, but 

 not so much as in the subgenus Stenoni/cfn-is (fig. '.i, p. 49); alveolar 

 line, if projected backward, passing nearly through glenoid fossa, 

 sometimes a little higher or lower. Rostrum as in Stenoniicteris ; 

 palate, both its interdental and postdental ))ortions, and meso- 

 pter;, gold fossa unmodified llousettinc ; nasal branches of pre- 

 maxilUc subequnl in breadth throughout (not or scarcely broadening 

 above), alveolar branches in contact anteriorly or (not infrequentlv) 

 distinctly separated. Infraorbital canal short, its anterior aperture 

 (infraorbital foramen) vertically below front margin of orbit. Post- 

 orbital foramina present. Foramen ovale and rotundum separated. 

 Tympanies as in Bonxittiis. Temporal ridges usually separated, 

 sometimes (in some old males) united to form a low sagittal crest, 

 ])ostorbital processes short and thin, zygomata very slender (though 

 scarcely more so than in St<'non;ict(ris), mandible similar to that of 

 StfKOin/cfcris (horizontal rami low, coronoid narrow and much 

 sloping backward, angular process projecting downward, condvle 

 below level of alveolar line), but symphysis a little longer com- 

 paratively, its iipper surface more approximatel}- horizontal (leaa 

 sloping tlian in Boi'-'f (tra^ and Fterojwclincv in general), and its 



