58 



First Group. PERCINA. 



1. PERCA*. 



Perca, sp., Artecli, Genera, p. 39; Cm: Rh/ne Anim. ; Cut. 4' Vol. 

 ii. p. 19. 



Seven branchiostegals. AH the teeth villiform, without canines ; 

 teeth on the palatine bones, tongue smooth. Two dorsals ; the first 

 Avith 13 or 14 spines ; anal fin with two spines. Operculum spini- 

 ferous ; prseoperculum and praeorbital sei-rated. Scales small ; head 

 naked above. 



Fresh waters of the Ai-ctic Eegions. 



1. Perca fluviatilis, 



TlkpKr), Aristot. vi. cap. 14 ; uElian, xi^-. c. 23, 26. 



Perca, PUn. xxxii. cap. 9, 10; Anson, v. 115; Johnston, Tftauin. 



p. 423. 

 Perca fluviatilis, Rondel, ii. pp. 196, 197; Salnani, f. 224 6, 226; 



Gesiier, p. 698. f. 168 &; Rai/, Si/n. Pise. p. 97. no. 23; Willughbi/, 



iv. c. 14. p. 291. t. 5. 13. f. 1 ; Penn. Brit. Zool. iii. p. 345. 



fluviatilis major, Aldrov. v. cap. 33. p. 622. 



major, Schonev. p. 55. 



no." 1, Artedi, Genera Piscium, p. 39. 



fluviatilis, Linn. i. p. 481, and Fmin. Suec. p. 117 ; Lucep. \\. 



p. 187; Marsi(jU, iv. tab. 23. f. 1; Bloeh, Fische Deutscld. t. 52; 



Schteffcr, Pise. Bavar. Ratish. Peidas. ; 3Ieidin(/er, Fische Oestr. 



tab. 5 ; Don. Brit. Fishes, iii. pi. 52 ; Shenc, Zool. iv. p. 545. pi. 79 ; 



Twi. Brit. Faun. p. 100 ; Guv. S,- Vul. ii. p. 20. pi. 1-5 (anatomy) ; 



Fh-m. Brit. Anim. p. 213 ; Nilss. Prodr. Ichth. Scandin. p. 81 ; 



Jurine, Poiss. Lac Leman, pi. 3 ; Bonap. Faun. Jtal. iii. 79. f. 1 ; 



Fries och Eckstr. Slaindinaviens Fiskar, pi. 1 ; Yarrell, Brit. Fishes, 



p. 1 ; Parn. Fish. Frith of Forth, p. 8 : Demidoff, Voy. Riiss. Merid. 



iii. p. 355 ; Cuv. Rec/n'e Anim. Id. Poi.ss. pL 1-4, (anat.) pi. 6 ; 



Gunther, Neckarjisch'e, p. 10, and Wiegm. Archiv, 1855, p. 198 ; 



Heckel &i Kner, Siisstcasserjische, p. 3 (fig. not good). 



vid^ris et helvetica, Gronov. Mas. Ichth. ed. Gray, pp. 113, 114. 



italica, Cuv. Regne Ani7n. ; Cui: ^- Val. ii. p. 45. 



D. 14-15 I ^. A. 5^. C^c.pylor. 3. Vert. 21/20-21. 



Total length equal to 3f the height of the body. Inferior edge 

 of operculum entire, or very weakly denticulated ; inferior edge of 

 praeopercidum with a few strong spinous teeth, directed forwards ; 

 opercidum smooth, more than 70 transveree rows of scalest ; trans- 



* Perca plumieri. Cur. if- Val. ii. p. 51, established from a figure of Plumier, 

 is the same fish as we find hereaftei- described as Conodon antillanus, Cuv. ^ Val. 

 V. p. 1,56. 



t 111 the Percidse with small scales, the rows exliibit many irregularities, 

 especially near the lateral line. A more constant result is gained by counting 

 the transverse rows, instead of the scales of the lateral line. 



