388 PRISTIPOSIATID^. 



spines very feeble ; caudalis forked. No teeth on the vomer. Prae- 

 operciiliim entire. Scales rather small, ciliated. Six branchiostegals. 

 Pseudobranchioe. Aii'-bladder generally forked posteriorly. Pyloric 

 appendages m small number. 



Mediterranean ; Atlantic. [Sea of Ceylon.] 



1. Smaris vulgaris. 



? 'Sfidpis,'Arist. Hist. Anint. -vWi. cap. 30. 



Smaris, Rcndel. v. cap. 14. p. 140. 



Giaret, Bellon. i. p. 221. fig. in p. 223 & p. 222. 



Maena Candida sen Smaris Eondeletii, Gesner, Aqiiat. iv. p. 522. 



Smaris primus, Jolmst. i. cap. 1. p. 55. tab. 20. f. 5. 



Spams, sp. 10, Artedi, Genera, p. 36. 



Sparus smaris, L. Sijst. Nat. i. p. 468 ; L. Gm. p. 1271 ; Bl. Schn. p. 273 ; 



Risso, Iclith. Nice, p. 238 (not BrUnn.) ; Lacep. iv. pp. 79, 84. 

 Smaris smaris, Risso, Hist. Nat. iii. p. 345. 

 Spams argenteus, macula, &c., Bribin. Ichth. Mass. p. 42. 

 Smaris vulgaris, Cuv. i^ Val. vi. p. 407 ; Bonajy. Faun. Ital. Pesci, 



pi. . f. 1. 

 Smaris gagarella, Cuv. 8f Val. vi. p. 420 ; Bonap. I. c. 



D.ji. A. |. L.lat. 70. L. transv. 7/12. Ctec. pylor. 4. Vert. 10/13. 



The height of the body equals the length of the head, and is 4^ in 

 the total ; the snout (when closed) is rather longer than the diameter 

 of the eye, which is 3g in the length of the head. The dorsal fin 

 not notched, ^^ith the posterior rays shortest ; the sixth spiae is the 

 longest, longer than one-half of the height of the body. A large 

 black lateral spot beneath the lateral Hne. 



Mediterranean. 



a. Fine specimen. Dalmatia. 



b, c. Adult. Adriatic. From Mr. Frank's Collection. 



d. Adult. Lisbon. 



e. Adult : skin. Mediterranean. From the Collection of the Zoo- 



logical Society. 



2. Smaris alcedo. 



Smaris, Willughhy, iv. cap. 23. p. 4^3. 



Spams alcedo, Risso, Ichth. Nice, p. 258. 



Smaris smaris, mas, Risso, Eur. Merid. iii. p. 345. 



Sciffina gynmodon, Pall. Zootjr. iii. p. 252. 



Smaris alcedo, Cuv. 4" Vcd. \i. p. 416 ; Bonap. Faun. Ital. pi. . f. 3 ; 



Guich. Explor. Scient. Algir. Poiss. p. 55. 

 chryselis, Cuv. Sf Val. vi. p. 419. pi. 165; Bonap. 1. c. f. 4; 



Nordm. in Deinid. Voi/. Russ. Merid. p. 389. 



D. fi. A. -?-. Caec. pylor. 4. 



11 9 ^ •' 



The height of the body is nearly equal to the length of the head, 

 and one-fourth or one-fifth of the total. The spinous dorsal rather 

 higher than one-half of the depth of the body ; the posterior rays 



