14. SARGU8. 441 



the head and 1| in that of the snout, which equals the distance be- 

 tween the eyes ; the crown of the head is convex, and tliere is a pro- 

 tuberance above the upper anterior angle of the orbit ; the prajorbital 

 does not entirely cover the raaxillaiy bone. The pectoral fins extend 

 to the origin of the anal, and the ventnds nearly to the vent. The 

 second anal spine is rather stronger and longer than the third, and 31 

 (in younger individuals 2^) in the length of the head. Silverj' or 

 shining golden, with numerous narrow longitudinal dusky stripes 

 (8 or 9 above and 15 or 16 below the lateral line), and with four or 

 five nari'ow blackish cross-bands, the first between the origin of the 

 dorsal and the axil ; a broad black cross-band on the back of the tail. 

 Mediteri'anean ; Canaiy Islands ; Madeira. 



a. Fine specimen. Madeira. From the Haslar Collection. 



b. Fine specimen. Madeira. Presented by the Rev. R. T. Lowe. 



c. Fine specimen. Madeira. Pui'chased of Mr. Stevens. 



d. Adult : skeleton. Lanzarote. Presented by the Rev. R. T. Lowe. 



e. f. Adult : stuffed. Santa Cruz (Teneriife). Presented by J. Gould, 



Esq. 

 f/. Adult : stuffed. Santa Cruz (Tenerifie). 

 Ji. Adult : stufled. Lisbon. Presented by G. Hough, Esq. 

 /. Adult : skin. From Mr. Yarrell's Collection. 

 k, I. Half-grown : bad state. From the Haslar Collection. 



Sheleton. — The skeleton is very similar to that of the preceding 

 species ; there are, however, the foUowing differences. The foramen 

 of the maxillaiy is much smaller, and situated more towards the 

 upper extremity of the bone. The occipital crest has the upper 

 margin straight; The large free space between the coracoid and the 

 rachus is tri;ingular and elongate, three times as long as broad. There 

 are ten abdominal and fourteen caudal vertebrae, the length of the 

 former portion of the vertebral column being to that of the caudal 

 as 1 : 1-24. Valenciennes attributes nine abdominal vertebrae to this 

 and the preceding species, — I have found ten in both. Fiu'ther, he 

 says, '• le premier interepineux porte a sa partie siiperieure une epine 

 osseuse, courte, mais tres-grosse, dont la pointe est diiigee vers la 

 tete du poisson ; en avant de cet interepineux en sent trois sans 

 rayons." This is incorrect ; the fii-st true internem-al has no spine 

 directed forwards, but that spine belongs to the thii'd spiuious intcr- 

 neiu'al (?. e. to the tliird interneiiral without corresponding dermo- 

 ncural). But, in fact, all the three spurious internem-als have such 

 a spine directed forwards, as usual in tliis Order of fishes. The 

 fii-st interhacmal is strong and veiy elongate, equal to the length of 

 the second vertebra to the ninth. 



There are eight rather broad incisors in both the jaws, with a 

 group of granular teeth behind. The molars are arranged in three 

 series above, and in two below ; sometimes some smaller teeth extend 

 from that group along the inner side of the constant series, gi\ing 

 the appearance of a fourth (or third in the lower jaw) additional one. 

 The pharyngeal teeth are cardiform, and the upper ones are slightly 

 compressed, terminating in a small curved hook. 



