19. PAGELLtJS. 475 



and giving the appearance of three series. 1 observe that this 

 specimen is not the type, either of the description given by 

 Yaxrell of Pagellus erythrinus, or of the vignette. 



Vab. ? Spec. nov. ? 

 y. Adult : stuffed. Cape Seas. From Sir A. Smith's Collection. — 

 Anal with ten soft rays. 



Skeleton. — The maxillary bone is compressed, oblong, with a groove 

 near its posterior extremity for the articulation with the extremity 

 of the intermaxillary ; there is another longitudinal groove at its 

 upper extremity for the articulation with the palatine bone. The 

 intermaxillary is stout, joined to the maxiUaiy, and has the posterior 

 process rather longer than the descending branch, but not reaching 

 to the vertical from the orbit. The mandibula is stout, and there is 

 no free space between the dentary and articular bones ; five pores 

 lead into the rudimentary muciferous channel running at its lower 

 surface. The anterior part of the vomer is broad, flat, subtriangular ; 

 the posterior is continued into the sharp crest of the basisphenoid. 

 The palatine bones are crescent-shaped, and situated nearly ver- 

 tically ; their upper portion is bent forwards, reaching as far as the 

 turbinal bone, and is joined to the maxillary. The turbinal bones 

 are long, tubiform. The praeorbital is longer than high, slightly 

 concave at the maxillary margin ; from its inner side arises a plate 

 to support the eyeball from beneath. The remainder of the infra- 

 orbital arch is narrow, muciferous. There are three singular conical 

 cavities at the upper surface of the skull: a single one between 

 the posterior extremities of the turbinal bones, and another on each 

 side, above the anterior angle of the orbit. The frontal bones are 

 truncated anteriorly, wdth the upper surface slightly convex, 

 roughened by pores and grooves. The occipital crest is rather stout, 

 and, with two others on each side, well developed ; the external is 

 muciferous. The brain-capsule is very slightly swollen on each side ; 

 the basisphenoid has a large opening before the occipital joint, and 

 is compressed to a sharp ridge, obliquely ascending to the vomer. 

 The praeoperculum has an obtuse and strong ridge, with the muci- 

 ferous channel very rudimentary ; the horizontal limb is shorter than 

 the vertical ; the angle and the lower margin are striated, the striae 

 not tenninating in points. The operculum is nearly twice as high 

 as wide, irregularly quadrangular, with the posterior side slightly 

 emarginate and the lower angle much produced downwards; its 

 inner surface is furnished with an oblique bony ridge. The sub- 

 operculum is obliquely situated, the interoperciUum nearly horizon- 

 tally. The pubic bones are of moderate length ; each is formed by 

 three lameUoe, the interior of which arc joined together, without free 

 space between ; the outer one is much less developed, and situated 

 nearly in the same plane with the interior ; the anterior extremities 

 of the bones diverge. 



There arc ten abdominal and fourteen caudal verlchrce, the length 

 of the former portion of the vertebral column being to that of the 



