20. CHETS0PHRY8. 483 



double, containing teeth equal to those of the outer one. The pha- 

 ryngeal teeth are cardiform. 



The comparison of the skeletons of European and West Indian 

 specimens proves the identity of Pagellus pertmmhicensis with P. 

 mormyrus. 



7. Pagellus lithognathus. 

 Cuv. 8f Val. vi. p. 204 pi. 151. 

 D. y^. A. ^. L. lat. 43-50. L. transv. 5/13. Vert. 22. 



Adnlt. — The height of the body is 4| in the total length ; the 

 diameter of the eye is seven times in the length of the head, and 3| 

 in that of the snout. The upper maxillary bone (of adult specimens) 

 is very tliick, swollen, and hard like stone. The molar teeth in the 

 upper jaw form a band, and are irregularly arranged ; three series in 

 the lower. Uniformly coloured. 



Cape of Good Hope. 



a. Thirty-six inches long : stuiFed. 



Yovng. — The height of the body is nearly equal to the length of 

 the head, and about 3| in the total ; the diameter of the eye is one- 

 fifth of the length of the head, about one-half of that of the snout, 

 and Ij itt the distance between the eyes. The mouth is veiy pro- 

 tractile and the upper maxillaiy bent, with the concavity downwards 

 and forwards, but not swollen. The molar teeth are rather small, 

 arranged in three regular series in the upper jaw, and in one com- 

 plete or in two incomplete series in the lower. The dorsal spines are 

 moderate, slightly compressed on one side ; the fourth, fifth and 

 sixth are longest, their length being equal to the cUstance between 

 the third and seventh spines. Coloration uniform (in a dried state) ; 

 in life with five brownish cross-bands. 



h. 9|" long : stuffed. Cape Seas. Presented by Sir A. Smith. 

 e. 10" long : skin. From Gronov's Collection. 



20. CHRYSOPHRYS*. 



Chrysophrys, Cuv. Regne Anim. ; Cuv. 8f Val. vi. p. 81. 



Four or six conical canine teeth and three or more series of 

 rounded molar teeth in both jaws. Cheeks scalj'. The spines of the 

 dorsal (eleven or twelve) can be received in a groove ; three anal 

 spines. Scales of moderate size. Six branchiostegals. Pyloric ap- 



* 1. Sparus bilobatus, Laccp.i-v. p. 141. — Chrysophrys bilobata, Ciiv. cj- Val. 

 vi. p. 125. — From a drawing. 



2. Reiiard, fol. 21. no. 214. — Clirjsophrys coracinus, Cuv. ^- Val. \\. p. 13.3. 



— He de France. 



3. Sparus fuscescens, var., Lacip. iii. pi. 17. f. 3. — Clirysophrvs madaga-oca- 



riensis, Cuv. 4" Val. vi. p. 135. — From a drawing. 



4. Sparus annularis, Bl. tai'. 271.— Chrysophrys annularis, Cuv. 4' Val. vi. 



p. 139. — Perhaps an imaginary species. 



5. Sparus forstei'i. Bl. Srhu. p. 282.— Chrysoplirys forsteri, Ctiv. ^- Val. 



vi. p. 140. — Pacific. 



2 \2 



