484 SPARID^. 



pendages iii small number ; air-bladder sometimes notched, or Arith 

 very short appendages. 



Round the coasts of Africa ; Indian Ocean ; East Indian Seas ; 

 Pacific ; Atlantic coasts of the United States. 



1. Chrysophrys aurata. 



Xpvaocjipvs, Aristot. i. c. 5, ii. c. 17, iv. c. 10, v. c. 10, vi. c. 17, viii. 



c. 2, 13, 15, 19 ; Atheti. vii. p. 328 ; ^lian, xiii. c. 28, xvi. c. 12 ; 



Oppian, I. p. 7. 

 Aiirata, Columell. viii. c. 16 ; Plin. ix. c. 16 ; Bel/on. pp. 192, 193 ; 



Rondel. V. c. 2. p. 115 ; Salvian, fol. 174. b. 175 ; (fesner, pp. 110, 



128; Willughby, p. 307. tab. 5. fig. 5 ; Ray, p. 131. 

 Aurata vulgaris, Aldrov. ii. c. 15. p. 171. 

 Sparus, no. 1, Artedi, Getiera, p. 35 ; Gronov. Mus. Ichthyol. p. 38. 



no. 90. 

 Sparus am'ata, L. Syst. Nat. i. p. 467 ; Hasselq. Iter Palest, p. 337 ; 



L. Gm. p. 1270; Bl. taf. 266?; Bl. Schn. p. 270; Risso, Ichthyol. 



Nice, p. 234 ; Briinnich, Pise. Mass. p. 36 ; Lac^p. iv. p. 57 ; Mar- 

 tens, Reise nach Venedig, ii. p. 424. 

 Duhamel, Peches, ii. sect. 4. pi. 11. f. 1. 

 Mochar, Osbeck, Nor. Act. Nat. Cur. iv. p. 100. 

 Sparus scriptus, Bl. Sch7i. p. 279. 

 Chrysophrys aurata, Cuv. Sf Val. \i. p. 85. pi. 145 ; Guichen. Eicplor. 



Scient. Alger. Poiss. p. 48; Yarrell, Brit. Fishes, i. p. Ill ; Jflrite, 



Catal. Brit. Fishes, p. 17 *. 



D. ii. A.^. L. lat. 76. L. transv. 8/17. Csec. pylor. 4. 

 Vert. 10/14. 



The height of the body is 3^ in the total length, the length of the 

 head four times ; the distance between the eyes is rather more than 

 their diameter, which is If in the length of the snout. The praDor- 

 bital is 1| as long as high ; a sUght protuberance above the upper 

 anterior angle of the eye. Dorsal spines moderate, of equal strength ; 

 the second and thii-d anal spines nearly equal in size, one-fourth of 

 the length of the head. The spinous portion of the dorsal conspi- 

 cuously higher than the soft. Back bluish, belly silveiy ; a dark 

 violet blotch above the angle of the operculum ; a bright j^ellow band 

 between the eyes. 



Mediterranean; western shores of the Peninsula and of France. 

 Occasionally southern shores of England. 



a. Adult. Dahnatia. 



h. Half-grown. South Devonshire. Museum Leach. 



f. Adult : stuffed. English coast. 



2. Chrysophrys crassirostris. 



Cuv. 4- Val. vi. p. 98. pi. 140. 



D.ii. A. A L. lat. 85. 



The height of the body is 3| in the total length, the length of the 



* The skin, mentioned by Mr. White as in the Colleetion of the British Museum, 

 was afterwards referred by him to Pagni.^ orphiis. 



