100 PTEROPID^. 



Section B. Teeth 28. True (jritiders ^ . ^. False grinders ^ ; frmit minute, 

 often deciduous. Wings frmn the sides of the hairy back. Penis- 

 glandjieshy. 



Tribe IV. Hahpyiana. Cutting-teeth f or f ; lower, when present, 

 crmvded before the canines. False grinders f . Head short, broad. 

 Wost)-ils tubular, diverging. 



9. Harpyia. Tail short, end free. 



Tribe V. Cynoptehina. Cutting-teeth \ ; lower in a regidar series. 

 False grinders f. Head broad, short, tapering. Nostrils rather pro- 

 minent. Shoulde-rgland irith coloured hairs. 



10. Cynopterus. Tail short, end free. 



11. Meg.s;ra. Tail none. 



Tribe VI. Epojiophorina. Cutting-teeth | ; lower in regidar series. 

 Frmit upper false grinders ivanting. Head very long, sicollen in frmd. 

 Nostrils rather prominent. Shoxdd^-gland with white hairs. 



12. Hypsignathus. Face swollen and truncated in front. Nose and 



chin with a ileshy disk, with raised edges. Nostrils in the notch 

 in the upper margin of the disk. 



13. Epomophorus. Face very hairy, rounded in front. Nose and chin 

 hairJ^ Skull elongate, nan-ow, zygomatic arch flattened. Upper 

 cutting-teeth close, rather crowded together in the centre of the 

 intercanine space ; grinders far apart. 



14. Epomops. Face rounded in front. Nose and chin hairy. Skull 

 ovate, rather broad. Face moderate. Zygomatic arch cm-ved. Cut- 

 ting-teeth separate, far apart in the intercanine space ; grinders 

 close. 



Section A. Teeth 34. True grinders f, hinder small. False grinders f , 

 front tninute, often deciduous. 



Tribe I. PTEROPINA. 



Cutting- teeth A ; lower series regular. Wings from sides of back 

 (except in Eunyeteris). Tail none. Penis-gland bony. 



1. SPECTRUM. 



Head rounded ; face produced, slender, cj-lindrical. Ears small, 

 slender, nearly hidden by the fur. Wings from the sides of the hairy 

 back. Fur soft, abundant, erect. Back, base of the ■«'ings near the 

 back, shoulders, hinder side of the forearm, thighs and legs, and 

 interfemoral membrane covered with hair. Thumb, lower joint 

 short, enclosed in the front membrane ; upper joint not very long, 

 compressed, quite free. Tail none. Penis-gland bony. Interfe- 

 moral membrane very narrow, only distinct near the heel-bone. 

 Hab. Africa, Asiatic islands, and Japan. 



1. Spectrum viilgare. B. M. 



Ears small; fur soft, abimdant, spreading, blackish chestnut; 

 head pale yellow ; the upper nrm, sides of the shoulders, back, and 



