386 



C'AKCHARIIDiE. 



M. vulgaris, being common in the Mediterranean and neighbouring- 

 parts of the Atlantic, extending to the coasts of the United States 

 and to the Cape of Good Hope. 



a. Adult male. Lisbon. Presented by the Rev. R. T. Lowe. 

 h. Adult male. Lanzarote. Presented by the Rev. R. T. Lowe. 

 c, d. Adult male and half-grown female. Madeira. 

 e-f. Adult : stuffed. Cape of Good Hope *. From Sir A. Smith's 



Collection. 

 g. Adult : stuffed. New York. 



North- American writers mention, under the name of Mustehis 

 canis, a Shark which appears to be either M. vulgaris or il/. Icevis ; 

 possibly both species are confounded under that name, as was the 

 case for a hmg time with the two European forms. The references 

 to the following works should be given : — Squahis canis, Mitch. Lit. 

 & Phil. Trans. New York, i. p. 486 ; Mustelus canis, Dekay, New 

 York Faun. Fish. p. 355, pi. 64. fig. 209 ; Storer, Mem. Amer. Ac. ii. 

 p. 505 ; Poey, Repert. Fis.-nat. Cuba, 1868, p. 453. 



2. Mustelus vulgaris. 



Galeus asterias, Rumld. p. 377. 



Mustelus Ifevis, Salv. p. 137, pi. 44 (cop. by Willughhy, p. 60, pi. B 5. 



fig. 2 ; aud Jomton, Be Pise. p. 26, tab. 8. fig. 6) ; Yarr. Brit. Fish. 



2nd edit. ii. p. ol2 ; Parnell, JFer>ier. Mein. vii. p. 416. 

 (Galeus liBvis, Gesner, De Aquat. p. 616. 

 Smooth Hound, Pcmi. Brit. Zool. iii. p. 102, pi. 16, or, edit. 1812, iii. 



p. 151 ; Couch, Fish. Brit. Isl. i. p. 47, pi. 10. 

 Squalus emissole, Lacep. i. p. 242. 



? Squalus mustelus t, Bl. Schn. p. 128 ; Risso, Ichth. Nice, p. 33. 

 ? Mustehis stellaris, Pissn, Fin: Merid. iii. p. 126. 

 Galeorhinus hiuuulus, Blainv. Faun. Franq. p. 83, pi. 20. tig. 2; 



Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1830, ii. p. 272, or Nat. Hist. Ircl. iv. 



p. 252. 

 (laleus nuistelus, Leach, Wcrn. Mem. ii. p. 63, pi. 2. fig. 3. 

 Mustelus plebejus, Bonap. Faun. Ital. Pesce. 



vulgaris (part.), MiiU. ^- Henle,y). 64. 



vulgaris, Mull. H,- Hcnle, p. 190, pi. 27. fig. 1 ; MiUl. Ahhandl. Ah. 



Wiss. Berlin, 1840, p. 187, pi. 3. fig. 2 ; Yarrell, Brit. Fish. 3fd edit. 



ii. p. 495 ; Bumeril, Elasmohr. p. 400, pi. 3. figs. 1-3 (teeth) ; Socage 



Sf Capello, Pei.x. Plagiost.-p.lQ. 



Embryo not attached to the uterus by a placenta. Snout mode- 

 rately produced, the length of its prteoral portion being equal to the 

 distance between the angles of the mouth. All the teeth obtuse, with- 

 out points. Origin of the dorsal fin nearly opposite to the middle 

 of the inner margin of the pectoral fin. Uniform greyish, or with 



* These specimens would perhaps be referred by others to Mustelus natalcnsis, 

 Steindachner, Sitzgsber. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 1866, Hii. p. 482, pi. 1, which has been 

 founded on a young example with obtusely tricuspid teeth. I regard them as 

 identical with M. Idvis. 



t Squalus mustehis, Gronov. Syst. ed. Gray, p 4, is probably a young Car- 

 charias ; the typical specimen is the skin of a foetus in very bad condition. 



