RAJ ID J!. 455 



lU. TEMERA. 

 Temera, Graij, Zoal. Misc. p. 7. 

 Distinguished from Astrape by the eutire absence of dorsal fins. 

 The teeth are obtuse. 

 East Indies. 



1 . Temera hardwickii. 



Gray, I. c, and III. Lid. Zool. c. fip-. ; Mull, i^- Hode, p. 131, taf. .59. 

 fig. 2 ; Cant. 3Ial. Fish. p. 420, pi. 12 ; Bleek. Nat. Tyds. Ned. Ind. 

 XX. p. 451. 



Coloration uniform, or with blackish markings or whitish spots. 

 East Indies. 

 (1-6. Types of the species. Pinang. Presented by General Hard- 

 wicke. 



Fam. 4. RAJID.E. 



Disk broad, rhombic, generally Avith asperities or 

 spines ; tail with a longitudinal fold on each side. 

 The pectorals extend to the snout. No electric or- 

 gan. No serrated caudal spine. 



11. RAJA*. 



Raja, sp., Artedi. 



Raja, Cuv. Kegne Anim. 



Raja et Uraptera, Miill. ?)• Henle. 



Tail very distinct from the disk, which is of rhombic shape, with 

 a fold on each side. Body generally rough or with spines, rarely 



» 1. Eaja bi-asiliensis, M. 4' H. p. 19.5.— Brazil. 



2. capensis, M. cf H. p. 151 ; Dtmeril, Elasmohr. p. 540 ; Kner, Novara, 



Fisck. p. 419; ?Capcllo, Jorn. Acad. Sc. Lisb. 1869, p. 151.— Cape of 

 Good Hope. 



3. jojenia, Cocco, Aff. Ac. Gioen. Catan. xi. pp. 85-88, c. tab. ; Dumiril, 



I. c. p. 544. — Mediterranean. 



4. oxyrbyuehus, Bl. taf. 80 ; M. # H. p. 148 ; Dumiril, I. c. p. 546.— 



Mediterranean ; Atlantic (?). 



5. ooellatii, Mitch. Lit. cf- Fhil. Trans. N. York, i. p. 477 ; Dekay, N. 



York Faun. Fish. p. 3(39, pi. 65. fig. 212 ; Dumeril, Elnsmobr. p. 539 ; 

 Raja cbautenay, Lesueur, Joum. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil. 1824, iv. p. 106, 

 pi. 5. — North America. 



0. desmarestia, Lesueur, I. c. p. 100, pi. 4 ; Dekay, I. c. p. 372 ; Du- 



raeril, I. c. p. 551 ; Raja americana, Dekay, I. c. p. 368, pi. 66. fig. 215.— 

 North Americ;i. 



7. lima, Pocpp/ff, Ri'ise in Chile, i. p. 148 ; Raja chilensis. Gay, Chile, 



ii. p. 367 ; Dumeril, I. c. p. 553. — Chile. 



8. meerdervoortii, Meek. Act. Soc. Sc. Dtdo-Neerl. viii. Japan, vi. 



p. 66. — Japan. 



y. chinonsis, Basil. Nouv. Mem. Soc. Naf. Mosc. 1855. p. 2 >1.— China. 



10. cooperi, Giranl, U. S. Pac. R.R. Erp. Fish. p. 372.— Shoal water. 



11. scohuvA. Ph/lippi, Wirgm. Arch. 1857, p. 270; Uraptera seobina, 



Dumeril, Elusimbr. p. 574. — Chile. 



IL'. U-Evi.-!, Mitch. Amcr. Monthl. May. 1818, p. 327 ; Dekay, New iork 



