11. R.UA. 4fil 



Raja oculata, Hisso, Eur. Mfrid. iii. p. 1-19. 



biociilaris, Geoffr. St.-Hil. Descr. Eg. Poiss. pi. 27. fig. 2. 



? Raja qiiiidri macula ta, Bonap. Faun. Itul. Pesce. 



The margins of the snout form an obtuse angle, but the extremity 

 is pointed and forms a distinct projection. The width of the inter- 

 orbital space is less than the length of the orhit. The distance be- 

 tween the outer margins of the nostrils is rather loss than their 

 distance from the end of the snout. Teeth in about 40 series in the 

 upper jaw, obtuse. The outer pectoral angle is a right one. Body 

 smooth ; a series of spines along the middle of the back, and three 

 series on the tail. One or two spines in front and behind the orbit. 

 A large blue hlach- and ivhite-edged ocellus on each side of the back. 



Coasts of Southern Europe. 



rt. Young male. Purchased. 



9. Raja atra. 



Mitll. ^- Heiilc, p. 134, tab. 45 ; Dmneril, Elasmohr. p. 535. 



Snout very short and obtuse ; outer angle of the pectorals rounded. 

 Body smooth in the young, covered with minute asperities in older 

 examples (accoi'ding to the figure quoted) ; superciliary margin with 

 a spine in front and behind ; a series of spines along the median 

 line of the back and tail. Uniform blackish. 



Mediterranean. 



10. Raja radula. 



Raja radula, De la Ruche, Ann. Mus. 1809, xiii. p. 321 ; Risso, Eur. 



AlSrid. iii. p. 151 ; Mull. Sf Henle, p. 133 ; Dumeril, Elasvwbr. 



p. 534. 

 virgata, Geoffr. St.-Hil. Descript. Eg. Poiss. p. 223, pi. 26. 



figs. 2 & 3. 

 Dasybatis radula, Bonap. Faun. Ital. Pesce. 



Snout very short and obtuse, subtriincate in front. Body covered 

 with minute asperities ; a series of spines along the median line of 

 the back and tail ; several other irregular series of spines on the 

 tail. Teeth obtuse. Yellowish brown, marbled with darker and 

 with lighter spots. A blacl- ocellus on each side of the bad: 



Mediterranean. 



a. Malta. From the Haslar Collection. 



11. Raja kenojei. 



Miill. (S- Henle, yt. 149, pi. 47 (not good ) ; Richards. Ichth. Chin. p. 197; 

 Schleg. Faun. Japan. Pows. p. 308; Bleck. Act. Sac. So. Indo-Xeerl. 

 ii. Japan, iv. p. 42 (part.), Hnd viii. Japan, vi. p. (>G ; Dumeril, 

 Elasmobr. p. 55G. 



Angle of the extremity of the snout rather obtuse ; the width of 

 the interorbital space is equal to the length of the orltit with the 

 spiracle. Teeth in about 42 scries in the upper jaw, obluse in the 

 female. Outer pectoral angle rounded. Body nahil : a row of 



