478 TKTQONIDJi. 



the head and back, young ones entirely smooth. Dark violet above, 

 lighter violet below. 

 Mediterranean. 



13. Trygon pastinaca. 

 The Sting-Ray. 

 Pastinaca marina, BcUon. De Aquat. p. 94 ; Rondel. De Pise. p. 331 ; 



Salvian. p. 144, tab. 49 ; Willughbij, p. 07, tab. C 3. 

 Raja, sp. nos. 3 & 4, Artedi, Synon. p. 100, et Gen. p. 71 ; Gronuv. 



Miis. Ichth. i. p. 04. no. 141. 

 Raja pastinaca, L. Si/d. Nat. i. p. 396; Bl. taf. 82; Bl. Schn. p. 3G0; 



Donovan, Brit. Fish. v. pi. 99 ; Turton, Brit. Faun. p. 112 ; Risso, 



Ichth. Nice, p. 10. 

 Duhamel, Pesches, iii. sect. ix. p. 282, pi. 9. fig. 8. 

 Sting-Ray, Pennant, Brit. Zool. iii. p. 83, or, edit. 1812, iii. p. 125. 

 Trygon vulgaris, Risso, Eur. Merid. iii. p. 100. 



Trygouobatus pastinaca, Blainv. Faun. Fran<;. p. 35, pi. 6. figs. 1 & 2. 

 Trygon lymma, Geofr. St.-Hil. Dcscr. Eg. Poiss. p. 219, pi. 27. fig. 1. 

 pastinaca, Cuv. Rkgne Anini. ; Flcm. Brit. An. p. 170 ; Midi. ^• 



Henle, p. 101 ; Bonap. Faun. Ital. Peso. ; YarreU, Brit. Fish. 2nd 



edit. ii. p. 588, or 3rd edit. ii. p. 591 ; Jenyns, Man. p. 518 ; Kessler, 



Bull. Sac. Nat. Mosc. 1859, ii. p. 474 ; Nilss. Skand. Faun. Fish. 



p. 741 ; Parnell, Werner. 3fem. vii. p. 440, pi. 43 ; Kroyer, Damn. 



Fisk. iii. p. 1018 ; Couch, Fish. Brit. Isl. i. p. 130, pi. 31 ; Dumeril, 



Elasmohr. p. GOO. 

 Pastinaca Ife vis, Gronov. Syst. ed. Gray, p. 11. 

 Tiygon akajei, Mull. Sr Ilenle, p. 105, taf. 53 ; Schley. Faun. Japon. 



Poiss. p. 308 ; Blcck. Act. Soc. Sc. Indo-Neerl. ii. Japan, iv. p. 44 ; 



Dumeril, I. c. p. 604. 

 Raja sayi, Lesueur, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sc. Philod. 1817, i. p. 42. 

 Trygon sayi, Milll. 8f Henle, p. 166 ; Dumeril, Elasmohr. p. 603. 

 Myliobatis sayi, Storer, 3Iem. Amer. Acad. ii. p. 514. 



Tail with a distinct cutaneous fold below and a slight ridge above, 

 about one-half longer than the dish, or rather shorter. Tlie margins of 

 the snout form an obtuse angle. Body smooth, sometimes a few small 

 tubercles, pointing backwards, in the median line of the scapulary 

 reo-ion. Three (five) appendages at the bottom of the mouth, behind 

 the teeth. Coloration uniform, or sometimes with small round scat- 

 tered whitish, non-ocellated spots. . 



Atlantic, China, and Japan. 

 a-c. Half-grown and young : stuffed. Plymouth. Presented by 

 ' Lieut. H. F. Spcnce, ll.N. 



d. Adult female. North America. 



e. Young male. Lanzarote. Presented by the Rev. R. T. Lowe. 

 f-g. Half-grown : skins. Jamaica. Purchased of Mr. Parnell. 



h. Half-"Town. West Indies. From the Collection of the Zoological 



Society. 

 i. Barbadoes. Presented by Sir R. Schomburgk. 

 k-l. Young. New Orleans. From M. Salle's Collection. 

 m. Half-grown. British Guiana. Collected by Hr. Ehrhardt. 

 n. Half-grown. Bahia. From Dr. Wucheror's Collection. 

 0. Young. Amoy. From Consul Swinhoe's Collection. 

 p-q. Young. Japan. Purchased of ilr. Jamrach. 



