On Agricultural Mechanics. 



109 



than bj detailed description of each, which indeed I am not qua- 



lified to give. 



[The Kentish Turn-wrest. See ' Penny Cyclopsedia.'] 



The Kentish turn-wrest plough, used for working the clayey 

 and chalky soils of that county and several of the neighbouring 

 counties, is the representation of the third class of plough. It is 

 certainly a most clumsy implement, and its capability of breaking 

 up the stiff lands of those districts is evidently due, not to any 

 peculiar excellence of form, but to its great strength and weight, 

 and the power applied to it. Its form is adapted, not for cutting 

 a sod, but rather for tearing and forcing it from the land. The 

 annexed figure represents it in its original and most general form, 

 which has been much improved by Messrs. Ransome. The share 

 is a broad chisel-edge, and the coulter, by means of an elastic stick, 

 which is made to press against one side or other of that part of it 

 above the beam, is directed and kept on that side of it next the 

 unploughed land. The plan of turn- wrest ploughing, turning all 

 the sods one way and avoiding all furrows, is necessary on the 

 steep hill-sides, and is much the best way of cultivating perfectly 

 dry land. 



Mr. Smith, of Deanston, now always uses the turn-wrest 

 plough ; and the regular and uniform appearance of the fields at 

 Deanston is beautiful. The maker of this turn-wrest plough is 

 Wilkie ; the annexed is a drawing of it. 



[Wilkie's Tunnvrest, or Hill-side Plough.] 



Each of the two mould-boards is attached to the rod b by two 

 bands of iron cc, by which, with the end of the handle d, they are 



