220 Account of the Meeting 



estate, purchased and cultivated by him in the neighbourhood of 

 Liibeck, has long been an object of great interest to the leading 

 landed proprietors of Germany. 



To the enterprising spirit of Captain Carr, who has availed 

 himself from time to time of the improvements introduced into 

 the implements and other branches of British agriculture, and 

 whose own mechanical ingenuity has adapted some more imme- 

 diately to the purposes of German cultivation, the agriculturists 

 of Northern Germany owe much, and gratefully acknowledge the 

 value of his example. 



At least 100 Scotch iron ploughs are now to be seen super- 

 seding the '^haken" of the country, forced upon the conviction 

 of his neighbours by the superior work shown on Captain Carr's 

 farm. I recognised the well-known names of Ransome and 

 Crosskill stamped on his implements, skilfully worked by natives 

 whom he had himself instructed. On the present occasion he 

 had, at considerable inconvenience, not only furnished to the show 

 some of the best English and Scotch ploughs, but the more 

 modern inventions of the Uley and Biddell's scarifiers, Crosskill's 

 threshing-machine and clod-crusher, with other implements of 

 approved merit. 



The threshing-machine was exhibited at full work in the pre- 

 sence of the Grand- Duchess and a large assemblage, and gave 

 universal satisfaction. Several orders were given for new ones 

 from England. 



Nor were the native implements wanting in interest. It is true 

 the "haken," which might be termed a "spade-plough," appears 

 to set at defiance all the theories of draught and resistance, but 

 it still retains admirers, for the rough mode in which it leaves the 

 soil exposed to the winter frosts. Ploughs invented thirty years 

 ago by Timer, and one styled a ''zucker," said to have been used 

 by the Romans, and still to be found in East Prussia, were cer- 

 tainly more curious than useful ; but some horse-hoes with small 

 rakes attached, a spiked roller, a three-furrow wooden plough, 

 5 feet in length and 24 inches in breadth, for ploughing in 

 wheat, boxes for sowing clover and other grass seeds, and a 

 machine for evenly distributing powdered gypsum, which struck 

 me to be on a principle that might be readily adapted to sowing 

 soot, had considerable usefulness, and I have no doubt made good 

 work. 



One afternoon was devoted to the trial of ploughs, when Wil- 

 kie's Scotch plough, drawn by a pair of Clydesdale mares, the 

 property of Baron Malzahn, held by a German ploughman of 

 Captain Carr's, and a double-furrow Ransome's plough, asto- 

 nished and convinced the spectators of their superiority. Another 

 afternoon was devoted to the show of blood horses. About 150 



