222 Account of the Meeting 



does tVie improvement bear to the expense ? And how are these pastures to be per- 

 manently improved? 



5. In the formation of water-meadows, v/hat quality of soil and of subsoil, what 

 ir)clination of the land, and what quality of water are to be preferred? What experience 

 do we possess on the subject? 



6. Can the etiicacy of water on such meadows be increased by mixing up earth in 

 the water ? What sort of earth is best for the purpose, and in what manner is it to be 

 mixed ? 



7. For the last twenty-five years marl has been generally employed in Mecklenburg 

 with the most surprising benefit. What results do we possess as to the extent and per- 

 manency of the benefits here and abroad ? 



8. What difl'erent effects have been produced by the application of different marls to 

 the same soil, or of the same marl to different soils ? 



9. What results have been produced by second applications of marl, with reference 

 to the quantities applied, and the intervals of time which have passed between the two 

 applications ? 



10. What eflects have been observed from the application of gypsum to marled and 

 to unmarled lands? 



11. Are there any signs on the surface of the ground by which abed of gypsum 

 lying below can be discovered? 



12. May a soil be so much impoverished by a repetition of exhausting crops that it 

 cannot be restored in the course of years without the aid of artificial manures ? 



15. On what soils, and witli what tillage, do peat and sea-weed act best as manures ? 



16. Would it be useful to moisten the sheep dung in the stalls from time to time 

 with water, that the ammonia may be absorbed, and the dung be prevented from grow- 

 ing mouldy ? 



18. Chickory has been recommended to be cultivated for green food. Have any 

 experiments been made with it ? 



21. What is the relative value of the different kinds of hay from meadows and from 

 arable lands? 



22. What effect has the trench-ploughing of wet land on its drainage, and can its 

 fertility be so improved ? 



23. Is it established that inclosed lands are more fruitful than open fields, and what 

 kind of fence is the best and cheapest ? 



24. Is it advantageous to plant trees on sheep-pastures ? and if so, which are the best 

 kinds of trees? 



25. Has the under-drainage of the English, Avhich was so strongly recommended by 

 Thfier, extended itself on the Continent ? and if so, what effect has it produced? 



32. What is the best method of feeding horses? and do potatoes answer as well as 

 they have been represented to do for that purpose ? 



33. Is it best that horses should remain always in the stables, or that they should be 

 partly at grass ? 



43. How has the Ayrshire breed of cattle, now for some years introduced into Ger- 

 many, succeeded as to richness of milk, fatting quality, and moderation in feeding? 



44. What sort of food answers best for cows, in regard to health, quantity and quality 

 of milk? 



45. Does the goodness of milk, and of the butter obtained from it, depend on the 

 proportion of its chemical constituents ? 



4f). Is it possible to obtain butter of equal quality throughout the year by varyiug 

 the food of the cow, and by the mode of preparing the Ijutter ? 



47. Should stalled cows receive their water rather in the stall than out of doors, and 

 warm water rather than cold ? 



48. Has the mode of keeping and feeding calves any effect on their future yield of 

 milk? 



49. Can equally good and strong cattle be reared by entire stall-feeding as by feed- 

 ing at large ? 



50. What is the best method of testing the milking quality of a cow, regard being 

 had to her requirement of food? 



61. In sheep of unequal size, but of the same race, does the consumption of food differ 

 according to the size of the animal? 



Some extracts from the discussions on the different questions 



