322 Observations on Insects- affecting the Turnip Crops. 



Fig. 4.*A single egg magnified. 



Fig. 5. The young Caterpillar when first hatched. 



Fig. 6. Their skins cast off, and sticking to the stalk. 



Fig. 7. A full-grown CaterpiHar. 



Fig. 8. Tlie Chrysalis suspended to the stalk. 



c. A silken thread, which sustains it with the head uppermost. 



Fig. 9. A branch of the White-mustard (Sinapis alba), showing how 

 the pods have been entirely eaten off to the stem below, and 

 the ends of the seed-vessels consumed above. 



Fio\ 10.*A parasitic fly, called Microgaster rflomeratus, which destroys 

 the Caterpillars of the Cabbage-butterflies, 



d. The natural size. 



Fig. ll.*One of the Maggots taken out of the body of a Caterpillar. 



e. 'ihe natural size. 



Fig. 12. A cluster of yellow^ silken balls, called Cocoons, which have 

 issued from the body of the caterpillar, and each of them 

 will produce a fly like fig. 10. 



Fig. 13.*Another parasitic fly, called Pteromalus Brassicce, which de- 

 stroys the Chrysalides of the Cabbage-butterflies. 

 /. The natural size. 



Fig. 14. "The small White Turnip-butterfly" at rest. 



Fig. 15. The Caterpillar of the same. 



Fig. 16. The Chrysalis fixed by its tail and a thread to the stem. 



Fig. n. The " Rape-seed" or " Green-veined White-butterfly," re- 

 presented standing. 



Fig. 18.*The egg magnified. 



t Two of the eggs of the natural size, laid singly on the under 

 side of a leaf. 



Fig. 19. The Caterpillar of the same. 



Fig. 20. The Chrysalis suspended like the others. _ 



Fig. 21. A Turnip-leaf broken, off to show a cavity in which a cater- 

 pillar was living. 



Fig. 22. The Caterpillar aUuled to. 



Fig. 23. The eggs of a Beetle laid on the under side of a Turnip-leaf. 



Fig. 24. One of the larvae feeding, Avhich hatched from the eggs. 



Fig. 25.* The same larva magnified. 



g. The natural size when full grown. 



Fig. 26. A Maggot which lives in the pods of the Turnip, and con- 

 sumes the perfect seeds. 



Fig. 27.*The same magnified. 



Fig. 28. The aperture eaten by the maggot to get out when it has ar- 

 rived at maturity. 



Fig. 29. The little case which it forms in the earth. 



Fig. 30. The Chrysalis taken out of the case or cocoon. 



Fig. 31.* The same magnified, showing the limbs, &c., of the future 

 Beetle. 



Fig. 32. The Turnip-seed Weevil, called Curcullo assimilis, which is 

 the parent of the above maggot. 

 A. The natural size. 



Fig. 33. "The Green Rose-chafer," Cetonia aurata. 



